EĞİTİMİN EKONOMİK BÜYÜME ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ: DÜŞÜK, ORTA VE YÜKSEK GELİRLİ ÜLKELER ÜZERİNDE BİR UYGULAMA (1991-2011)

Eğitim ekonominin değişen gereksinimlerine uygun nitelikteki işgücünün, yaratıcı düşünce ve ileri tekniklerinin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu yönüyle eğitim, ekonomik büyümenin sağlanabilmesi ve sürdürülebilmesi için gerekli olan mikro ve makro ekonomik temelleri hazırlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ekonomik açıdan düşük, orta ve yüksek gelirli olarak gruplandırılan ülkelerde eğitimin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki uzun dönemli etkileri 1991-2011 dönemi için yeni nesil panel veri analizi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, bütün ülke gruplarında örneklem döneminde eğitimin ekonomik büyümeye pozitif ve anlamlı bir katkı sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte, çalışmada eğitimin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki uzun dönemli ve pozitif yönlü etkisinin büyüklüğünün, ülke gruplarının gelir düzeyleriyle paralel bir şekilde arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, inceleme döneminde ülkelerin düşük gelirli, düşükyüksek orta gelirli ve yüksek gelirli olarak refah seviyeleri açısından farklılaşmalarında nicelik ve nitelik boyutuyla eğitimin de önemli derecede etkin bir rol oynadığını ortaya koymaktadır.

THE EFFECTS ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF EDUCATION: AN APPLICATION ON LOW, MEDIUM AND HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES (1991-2011)

Education contributes to the development of creative thinking and advanced techniques of workforce that is appropriate qualification for changing requirements of the economy. From this aspect, education prepares micro and macro basics of economy which are necessary for providing and sustaining economic growth. In this study, long-term effects on economic growth of education in countries which are grouped as low, medium and high income in economic terms, have been analyzed with the use of the new generation of panel data analysis for the period 1991-2011. As a result of the study, in sample period it has been determined that education to provided a positive and significant contribution to economic growth in all country groups. However, in the study it has been determined that the size of effects long-term and positive the directional on economic growth of education is increased in parallel with the income level of the country group. These results it has been revealed that education plays an significantly active role in the quantity and quality dimensions, in terms of welfare levels as low-income, low-high middle-income and high income of countries differences in the review period.

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