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OKUL ÖNCESİ DÖNEM ÇOCUKLARININ OYUNCAK TERCİHLERİ: ERİL, DİŞİL, NÖTR OYUNCAKLAR VE RENKLERİ

Araştırmanın amacı, çocukların oyuncak tercihleri, oyuncaklarla kimlerin oynayabileceğine ilişkin seçimleri ve oyuncak tercihlerinin altında yatan gerekçelerin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 5 yaş grubu 30 kız ve 30 erkek olmak üzere toplam 60 çocuk oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma verileri; dişil ve eril renklerde hazırlanmış üzerinde eril, dişil ve nötr oyuncak resimleri bulunan toplam 12 oyuncak kartı aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel verileri iki yönlü tekrarlı ölçümler ANOVA ve kay-kare testi ile nitel verileri ise içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları; çocukların oyuncak tercihlerinde, oyuncak renginin oyuncak türünden daha belirleyici olduğunu göstermektedir. Kızlar en az eril renkli oyuncakları tercih ederken erkeklerin en az tercih ettiği oyuncakların dişil renkli olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Renklerine bakılmaksızın; kız çocukların nötr oyuncakları daha fazla tercih ettikleri, erkek çocukların ise en fazla eril oyuncakları tercih ettikleri, nötr ve dişil oyuncakları ise eşit düzeyde tercih ettikleri belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte araştırma kapsamında yer alan çocuklar oyuncak türüne bakılmaksızın eril renkli tüm oyuncakların sadece erkekler için uygun olduğu görüşündedir. Oyuncak tercihinin altında yatan gerekçeler incelendiğinde; çocukların çoğunlukla toplumsal cinsiyete ilişkin gerekçeler sundukları, bu gerekçeler arasında ise sıklıkla oyuncağın rengi ve türüne vurgu yaptıkları belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Cinsiyetçi kalıp yargı, oyuncak tercihi, oyuncak türü, oyuncak rengi, okul öncesi

THE TOY PREFERENCES OF PRESCHOOLERS: MASCULINE, FEMININE, NEUTRAL TOYS AND THEIR COLORS

The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of toy type and toy color on toy preferences of children and the gender stereotypes about toys, and the underlying reasons of the toy preferences. The study group consisted of 30 girls and 30 boys, 60 children in total, from the age group of 5. The data of the research were collected through 12 toy cards with masculine, feminine and neutral toys that were decorated with feminine-masculine colors. The quantitative data of the study were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA and the chi-square test, and the qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis. The results of the study show that the color of the toy is more important than the type of the toy in children's toy preferences. It was determined that while the girls preferred the least masculine colored toys, the least preferred toys by the boys were identified as the feminine colored toys. Regardless of their color, girls prefer neutral toys more, boys prefer masculine toys the most and they prefer neutral and feminine toys equally. Also, the children in the scope of the study think that all masculine colored toys are only suitable for boys regardless of the type of the toy. When the reasons underlying the toy preferences are examined, it was found that the children mostly give reasons related to gender and among these reasons, they often emphasize the color and type of the toy.

Keywords:

Gender stereotyping, toy preference, toy type, toy color, early childhood,

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