Hüseyin GÜNGÖR, İlker YÜCE, ZİYA DUMLUPINAR

F4 Döl kuşağı Ekmeklik Buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) popülasyonlarının Tane Verimi Yönünden Heterotik Etkiler ve Kuraklığa Toleranslılık Parametreleri ile Değerlendirilmesi

Kuraklık, özellikle tane dolum döneminde gerçekleşen kuraklık buğdayda tane verimini sınırlandırmasının yanı sıra kalite parametrelerini de olumsuz etkileyen önemli faktörlerden biridir. Bu araştırma, sekiz farklı ekmeklik buğday genotipinin (Midas, As-14, Rumeli, Esperia, Gl-14, Krasunia odes’ka, Masaccio ve Lucilla) 8 x 8 yarım diallel melezlemesi ile elde edilen 28 adet F4 döl kuşağı popülasyonunun, sulanan (IR) ve yağmura dayalı (RF) koşullar altında tane verimi açısından heterotik etki, kuraklığa toleranslarını saptamak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırma Lüleburgaz-Kırklareli lokasyonunda 2017-2018 üretim sezonunda tesadüf blokları deneme deseninde 4 tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Bulgulara göre, tane verimi bakımından sulanan koşullarda negatif, yağmura dayalı koşullar altında ise pozitif heterosis değeri bulunurken, yağmura dayalı koşullarda pozitif heterobeltiosis, sulanan koşullarda negatif heterobeltiosis değerleri saptanmıştır. Sulanan koşullarda heterosis % -5.25 belirlenirken, heterobeltiosis ise % -10.73 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Diğer taraftan, yağmura dayalı koşullarda heterosis % 7.61, heterobeltiosis ise % 2.39 olarak belirlenmiştir. Kuraklığa direnç göstergelerinden kuraklığa tolerans etkinliği (DTE) % 62.39 ile 83.11 arasında değişim gösterirken, kuraklığa duyarlılık indeksi (DSI) 0.624 ile 1.390 arasında değişmiştir. Bu çalışma sonucuna göre, araştırmada incelenen F4 döl kuşağı popülasyonun normal ve stres koşulları altında tane verimleri bakımından uygun genotipler olduğu gözlenmektedir. Rumeli×Lucilla, Midas×As-14, Midas×Lucilla, G1-14×Masaccio ve Masaccio×Lucilla kombinasyonlara ait F4 döl kuşağı popülasyonlarının, ümitvar popülasyonlar olarak öne çıkmışlardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Tane verimi, Diallel, Kuraklık, F4 döl kuşağı popülasyonu, Heterosis, Heterobeltiosis

Evaluation of Grain Yield, Heterotic Effects and Drought Tolerance Parameters of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) F4 Offspring Populations

Drought, especially exposed in grain filling period is one of the factors negatively effects the quality parameters besides limiting the grain yield. This study was carried out to determine drought sensitivity index with drought tolerance efficiency according to the grain yield under rainfed (RF) and irrigated (IR) conditions on 28 offspring populations at F4 stage obtained by 8x8 half diallel cross of eight different bread wheat genotypes (Midas, As-14, Rumeli, Esperia, Gl-14, Krasunia odes’ka, Masaccio and Lucilla). The research was carried out at Lüleburgaz-Kırklareli location in 2017-2018 cropping season and the experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. According to the results, in terms of grain yield a positive heterosis value was found at rainfed conditions, while a negative heterosis value was found at irrigated conditions, and a positive heterobeltiosis was determined at rainfed conditions, while a negative heterobeltiosis value was found at irrigated conditions. The heterosis was found -5.25%, while heterobeltiosis was -10.73% under irrigated conditions. On the other hand, heterosis was found 7.61% under irrigated conditions, while heterobeltiosis was 2.39%. The drought tolerance efficiency (DTE) one of the drought resilience parameters ranked from 62.39% to 83.11%, while drought sensitivity index (DSI) ranged from 0.624 to 1.390. According to the result of this study, it is observed that F4 offspring populations investigated in the study were suitable genotypes under stressed and normal conditions. The F4 offspring populations belong to the Rumeli×Lucilla, Midas×As-14, Midas×Lucilla, G1-14×Masaccio and Masaccio×Lucilla cross combinations were found promising populations.

Keywords:

F4 offspring, Diallel, drought, grain yield, heterosis, heterobeltiosis,

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