İsmail Hakkı KALYONCU, NİLDA ERSOY, METİN AYDIN

Mahlep (Prunus mahaleb L.) Yeşil Uç Çeliklerinin Köklenmesi Üzerine Farklı Hormon ve Nispi Nem Uygulamalarının Etkisi

Bu çalışmada, Konya İli Alaaddin Keykubat kampus alanında yetişen bir mahlep (Prunus mahaleb L.) tipinden erken Haziran (3 Haziran) tarihinde, yıllık sürgünlerinden alınarak hazırlanan yeşil uç çelikleri, “Sisleme Sisteminde” % 85-90 ve % 95-100 hava nispi nem ortamı, Indol-3-Butirik Asit’in (IBA) uygulanan 5 farklı konsantrasyonu (0, 500, 1500, 2500 ppm ve 3500 ppm) ve perlit (0.0-5.0 mm) köklendirme ortamında köklendirmeye tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmada, dikilen mahlep çeliklerinin tümünün canlı kaldığı ve yüksek oranda köklendiği belirlenmiştir. Çeliklerde kalluslanma en yüksek, % 95-100 nem seviyesindeki kontrol grubundan (% 41.50) elde edilmiştir. Köklenme oranı % 95-100 nem seviyesinde, 2500 ppm ve 3500 ppm doz uygulamalarından (% 100) elde edilmiştir. Çeliklerde köklenme yüzey uzunluğu, en fazla % 95-100 nem seviyesinde 3500 ppm doz uygulamasında (4.196 cm) belirlenmiştir. Kök sayısı bakımından, en yüksek değer % 95-100 nem seviyesindeki 3500 ppm doz uygulamasından (27.667 adet/çelik) elde edilmiştir. En uzun kök yine % 95-100 nem seviyesinde, 3500 ppm doz uygulamasından (5.958 cm), en kısa kök ise % 95-100 nem seviyesinde, 2500 ppm doz uygulamasından (0.204 cm) elde edilmiştir. Çeliklerde kök dallanması, yine en yüksek % 85-90 nem seviyesinde 3500 ppm doz uygulamasında (2.958 adet/çelik) belirlenmiştir. Mahlep yeşil çelik köklendirmesinde % 95-100 nem seviyesi, % 85-90 nem seviyesine göre daha yüksek değerler göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Mahlep, yeşil uç çelik, sisleme sistemi, nem, hormon, köklendirme

The Effects of Some Hormone and Humidity Levels on Rooting of Mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L.) Softwood Top Cuttings

In this research, softwood top cuttings were taken from one of mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L.) type grown in Konya Alaeddin Keykubat campus in early June. The softwood cuttings of the mahaleb’s were rooted in pumice medium (0.0-5.0 mm) under misting system after treating with 0 (control), 500, 1500, 2500 ppm and 3500 ppm Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) under 2 different humidity of 85-90 % and 95-100 %. In the research, all the cuttings getting alive and rooted high ratio. The highest ratio of cutting callus formation was found control group (% 41.50) in % 95-100 humidity level. The highest rooting was found from control, 2500 ppm and 3500 ppm hormone doses to be 100 % in 95-100 % relative humudity. The highest rooting area lenght was found 3500 ppm hormone dose (4.196 cm) in 95-100 % relative humidity. In point of root number, the highest number was found from 3500 ppm hormone level application (27.667 number/cutting) in % 95-100 humidity level. The longest root was found from control group (5.958 cm) in 95-100 % humidity level, the shortest one was found from 2500 ppm IBA dose (0.323 cm) in 95-100 % humidity level. The highest root branching was found 3500 ppm hormone dose (2.958 number/cutting) in 95-100 % humidity level. 95-100 % humidity level was found better than 85-95 % humidity level for rooting of mahaleb softwood cutting.

Keywords:

Mahaleb, sooftwood top cutting, misting system, humidity, hormone, rooting,

___

Altman, A., 1972. Role of auxin in root initiation in cuttings. Proc Inter Plant Prop Soc 22:284–294.
Altman, A. and Wareing, P. F., 1975. The effect of IAA on sugar accumulation and basipetal transport of 14C-labelled assimilates in relation to root formation in Phaseolus vulgaris cuttings. Physiol Plant 33:32–38.
Aydin, C., Ögüt H. ve Konak M., 2002. Some physical properties of Turkish Mahaleb. Biosyst. Eng. 2002; 82: 231–234.
Bakshi, M., Bansal, S. and Husen, A., 2005. Rooting of softwood nodal cuttings of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. (Shisham) as influenced by stump height and position of cuttings on shoots. Ind J For 28:307–315.
Bakshi , M. and Husen, A., 2002. Net photosynthesis in leafy nodal cuttings of Eucalyptus hybrid under intermittent mist as influenced by the auxin application. Ind For 128:65–69.
Bhattacharya, N. C., 1988. Enzymes activities during adventitious rooting. In: Davis TD, Haissig BE, Sankhla N (eds) Adventitious root formation in cuttings, Dioscorides Press, Portland, pp 88–101.
Casson, S. A.and Lindsey, K., 2003. Genes and signalling in root development. New Phytol 158:11–38.
Davis, T. D. and Potter, J. R., 1981. Current photosynthetic as a limiting factor in adventitious root formation on leafy pea cuttings. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 106:278–282.
Dick, J.M. and Leakey, R. R. B., 2006. Differentiation of the dynamic variables affecting rooting ability in juvenile and mature cuttings of cherry (Prunus avium). Journal of Hortıcultural Scıence & Bıotechnology, 81(2): 296-302.
Dmitrienko, N. G., Kovaleva, A. F., Maslova, V. A. and Senin, V. I., 1984. Effect of mineralized water on the rooting of softwood cuttings. Sadovodstvo. No: 8, 18-19.
Düzgüneş, O., Kesici, T., Kavuncu, O. ve Gürbüz, F., 1987. Araştırma ve Deneme Metotları. Ankara üniv. Ziraat Fak. Yayınları: 1021, Ders Kitabı:295, Ankara.
Güneş¸ T., 2000. Peroxidase and IAA-oxidase activities during rooting in cuttings of three poplar species. Turk J Bot 24:97–101.
Haines, P. I., Wong, C. Y. and Chia, E., 1992. Prospects for the production of superior selection age phenotypes of Acacia mangium and A. auriculiformis. In: Breeding Technologies for Tropical Acacias. ACIAR Proceedings, No. 37 pp 11–118.
Haissig, B. E., 1984. Carbohydrate accumulation and partitioning in Pinus banksiana seedlings and seedling cuttings. Physiol Plant 61:13–19.
Haissig, B. E., 1986. Metabolic process in adventitious rooting of cuttings. In: Jackson MB (ed) New root formation in plants and cuttings. Martinus Nijhoff Pub, Dordrecht, pp 141–189.
Haissig, B. E. and Davis, T. D., 1994. A historical evaluation of adventitious rooting research to 1993. In: Davis TD, Haissig BE (eds) Biology of adventitious root formation. Plenum Press, New York and London, pp 275–331.
Hartmann, H. T., Kester, D. E., Davies, F. T. and Geneve, R. L., 1997. Plant propagation principle and practices. 6th ed. Prentice-Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi, pp 276–328.
Husen, A. and Pal, M., 2000. Analytical studies on the effects interaction with respect to position, season and auxin on adventitious root formation in stem cuttings of mature teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.). Ann Forest 8:253–261.
Husen, A. and Pal, M., 2001a. Interactive effect of auxin and etiolation on adventitious root formation in cuttings of Tectona grandis Linn. f. Ind For 127:526–532.
Husen, A. and Pal, M., 2001b. Clonal propagation of Tectona grandis (Linn. f.): effects of IBA and leaf area on carbohydrates drifts and adventitious root regeneration on branch cuttings. Ann Forest 9:88–95.
Husen, A. and Pal, M., 2003a. Effect of serial bud grafting and etiolation on rejuvenation and rooting cuttings of mature trees of Tectona grandis Linn. f. Silvae Genet 52:84–87.
Husen, A., 2004. Clonal propagation of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. by softwood nodal cuttings: effects of genotypes, application of IBA and position of cuttings on shoots. Silvae Genet 53:50–55.
Husen, A. and Pal, M., 2007a. Metabolic changes during adventitious root primordium development in Tectona grandis Linn. f. (teak) cuttings as affected by age of donor plants and auxin (IBA and NAA) treatment. New Forest 33:309–323.
Husen, A. and Pal, M., 2007c. Effect of branch position and auxin treatment on clonal propagation of Tectona grandis Linn. f. New Forest 34:223–233.
Ivanicka, J. and Cvopa, J., 1977. Propagation of dogwood (Cornus mas L.) by softwood and semi-hardwood cuttings. Gatenbauwissenschaft, 42(4): 169-171.
Ivanicka, J., 1988. Propagation of unusual fruit crops from softwood cuttings under Mist. Vedecke Prace Vyskumneho Ustavu Ovocych a Okrasnych Drevin v Bojniciach. 7, 163-170; 14.
Kalyoncu, İ. H., ve Ecevit, F. M., 1995. Farklı nem seviyelerinin kızılcık (Cornus mas L.) yeşil çeliklerinde köklenme üzerine etkileri. Türkiye II Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi (3-6 Ekim 1995), Cit I (Meyve), s 273-276. Çukurova Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Balcalı-Adana.
Kalyoncu, İ. H., 1996. Konya Yöresindeki Kızılcık (Cornus mas L.) Tiplerinin Bazı Özellikleri ve Farklı Nem Ortamlarındaki Köklenme Durumu Üzerine Bir Araştırma, Selçuk Üniv. Tarımsal Yapılar ve Sulama Anabilim Dalı, Doktora Tezi (Basılmamış), Konya.
Kalyoncu, İ. H. ve Özer, E., 2000. Gilaburu’nun (Viburnum opulus L.) yeşil yan çeliklerle köklendirilmesi ve fidan elde edilmesi. II. Ulusal Fidancılık Sempozyumu (25-29 Eylül 2000). 1.1-10, Bademli-Ödemiş, İzmir.
Kalyoncu, İ. H., Babaoğlu, D. ve Yılmaz, M., 2007. Gilaburu’nun (Viburnum opulus L.) yeşil uç çeliklerinde çelik köklenmesi üzerine bazı hormonların etkileri. Türkiye V. Ulusal Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi, Cilt 1: Meyvecilik, (04-07 Eylül 2007), Erzurum.
Liu, Z. H., Hsiao, I. C. and Pan, Y. W., 1996. Effect of naphthaleneacetic acid on endogenous indole-3-acetic acid, peroxidase and auxin oxidase in hypocotyl cuttings of soybean during root formation. Bot Bull Acad Sin 37:247–253.
Liu, Z. H., Wang, W. C. and Yen, Y. S., 1998. Effect of hormone treatment on root formation and endogenous indole-3-acetic acid and polyamine levels of Glycine max cultivated in vitro. Bot Bull Acad Sin 39:113–118.
Ludwig-Mu¨ ller, J., Vertocnik, A. and Town, C. D., 2005. Analysis of indole-3-butyric acid-induced adventitious root formation on Arabidopsis stem segments. J Exp Bot 56:2095–2105.
Moreno, M. A., Montanes, L., Tabuenca, M. C. and Cambra, R., 1996. The performance of adara as a cherry rootstock. Sci. Hortic. 1996; 65: 85–91.
Nanda, K. K., Bhattacharya, N. C., Murti, K. G. and Kaur, N. P., 1972. Studies on isoperoxidases and their relationship with rooting stem and Hypocotyl cuttings of Populous Nigra and Phaseolus mango. In: Mohan Ram HY (ed) Symp Cur Trends Plant Sci, Delhi University, New Delhi, Oct 3–10, pp 28–30.
Özbek, S; Özhan, M. ve Yılmaz, M., 1961. Çay çeliklerinin köklenmesi üzerine muhtelif hormonların tesiri. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yıllığı Yıl:11, Fasikül 2.
Özer, E. ve Kalyoncu, İ. H., 2007. Gilaburu (Viburnum opulus L.)’nun yeşil çelikle çoğaltma imkanlarının araştırılması. Selçuk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Dergisi 21(43): 46-52. Konya.
Özgüven, A. I. ve Ak, B. E., 1993. Indol Butirik Asidin (IBA) nar çeliklerinin köklenmesi üzerine etkisi. Ç. Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 8, (3):1-10. Adana.
Pal, M., 1995. Rooting stem cuttings of woody plants. In: Bawa R, Khosla PK, Kohli RK (eds) Forestry improvement. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, pp 37–58.
Rather, G. H., Baba and A. M., Banday, F. A., 2005. Propagation of cherry rootstock through soft wood cuttings in zero energy chamber. Horticultural Journal Volume: 18 Issue: 2 Pages: 75-79 Published: 2005.
Rout, G. R., 2006. Effect of auxins on adventitious root development from single node cuttings of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze and associated biochemical changes. Plant Growth Regul 48:111–117.
Sezik, E. and Basaran, A., 1985. Phytochemical investigations on the plants used as folk medicine and herbal tea in Turkey: II. Essential oil of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy of Ankara University 21 (1985), pp. 98–107.
Smart, D. R., Kocsis, L., Walker, M. A. and Stockert, C., 2003. Dormant bud and adventitious root formation by Vitis and other woody plants. J Plant Grow Regul 21:296–314.
Srivastava, L. M., 2002. Plant growth and development: hormones and environment. Reed Elsevier India Private Limited, New Delhi, India, pp. 341–375.
Suriyapananont, V., 1990. Stem cutting of Japanese aprikot as related to growth regulators, rooting media and sesonal changes. Acta Horti., No: 274, 475-480; 9.
Zalesny, R. S., Jr, Riemenscheider, D. E. and Hall, R. B., 2005. Early rooting of dormant hardwood cuttings of Populus:analysis of quantitative genetics and genotype environment interactions. Can J For Res 35:918–929.
Zhang, K. C.; Zhang X. M. and Yan. G. H., 2004. Experiment of propagation of cherry rootstock by soft cutting. China Fruits, No.3, Pages: 56-57.
Zora, S., Sandhu, A. S. and Dhillon, B. S., 1986. Csllusing and rooting behaviour of stem cuttings of peach (Prunus persica Batsch) cv. Sharbati in response to Indole Butyric Acid and Cyclophosphamide. Advences in Resarch on Temperate Fruits. Proceedings of the National Symposium on Temperature Fruits, 15-18 March, Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Solan, India. 141-146;12.