Tıbbi Adaçayı (Salvia officinalis L.) (Lamiaceae) ’nda Zararlı Böcekler ve Doğal Düşmanları ile Etkileşimleri

Adaçayı, Salvia officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) gıda ve ilaç sanayiinde yaygın olarak kullanıldığı için birçok ülkede ekonomik olarak yetiştirilmektedir. Bununla birlikte adaçayı üretimi böcekler ve diğer eklembacaklılar da dahil olmak üzere birçok zararlı türünden etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışma, S. officinalis üzerindeki zararlı ve yararlı böcek türlerini ortaya koymak üzere 2016 yılı üretim sezonu boyunca Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü (Bornova) deneme alanlarında ve Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü (Menemen) deneme alanlarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma boyunca S. officinalis üzerinde 11 ayrı takıma ait 30 familyaya bağlı 47 böcek türü saptanmıştır. Bu türlerden 18’i zararlı ve 29 tür doğal düşman olarak gruplandırılmıştır. Zararlı böceklerden Hemiptera takımına bağlı Micantulina (Mulsantina) stigmatipennis (Mulsant & Rey), Eupteryx gyaurdagicus Dlabola (Cicadellidae), Aphis passeriniana (Del Guercio) ve Eucarazzia elegans (Ferrari) (Aphididae), Dysmicoccus angustifrons (Hall) (Pseudococcidae); Coleoptera takımından, Chrysolina (Taeniochrysea) americana (L.) (Chrysomelidae) ve Thysanoptera takımından Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thripidae) adaçayı üzerinde en yoğun olarak görülen zararlı türler olarak saptanmıştır. Bu çalışma ile M. stigmatipennis (Mulsant & Rey) türünün ilk kez S. officinalis üzerinde beslendiği ve konukçusu olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, D. angustifrons (Hall) ve E. elegans (Ferrari)’ın ise İzmir'de bulunduğu ilk kez ortaya konulmuştur. Ek olarak, zararlı böceklerin doğal düşmanları belirlenmiş ve tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Zararlı böcekler, Salvia officinalis, Doğal düşman, Adaçayı, Salvia officinalis

Insect Pests Complex of Common Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) (Lamiaceae) and Their Natural Enemies

Common sage, Salvia officinalis L., (Lamiaceae) has been economically cultivated in many countries due to its widely used as food and medicines. The sage’s production, however, is still facing significant yield losses because of insect pest attacks including other arthropods. This research is aimed to determine insect pests of S. officinalis and their natural enemies. Insect species were collected in a year 2016 in the sage fields at Bornova and Menemen, Izmir-Turkey. In total 47 species consisted of 18 insect pests and 29 natural enemies belonging to 30 families in 11 insect orders were collected. The species namely Aphis passeriniana (Del Guercio) and Eucarazzia elegans (Ferrari) (Hem.: Aphididae); Dysmicoccus angustifrons (Hall) (Hem.: Pseudococcidae); Eupteryx gyaurdagicus Dlabola and Micantulina (Mulsantina) stigmatipennis (Mulsant & Rey) (Hem: Cicadellidae); Chrysolina (Taeniochrysea) americana (L.) (Col.: Chrysomelidae) and Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thy.: Thripidae) were determined as key insect pests. M. stigmatipennis (Mulsant & Rey) was a new pest hosting for common sage whilst E. elegans (Ferrari) and D. angustifrons (Hall) were known as the new species recorded for Izmir province. In addition, the natural enemies of key insect pest were determined and discussed.

Keywords:

Salvia officinalis, Key insect pest, Natural enemy, Sage plant, Salvia officinalis,

PDF

___

Arslan N, Baydar H, Kızıl S, Karık Ü, Şekeroğlu N, Gümüşçü A (2015). Tibbi aromatik bitkiler üretiminde değişimler ve yeni arayişlar. Presented at the Türkiye Ziraat Mühendisliği VIII. Teknik Kongresi, TMMOB Ziraat Mühendisliği Odası, Ankara 483–507.Baldwin IT (2001). An ecologically motivated analysis of plant-herbivore interactions in native tobacco. Plant Physiol. 127 (4): 1449–1458. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.010762Bayram E, Sönmez Ç (2006). Adaçayı Yetiştiriciliği. EÜ Tarımsal Uygul. ve Araşt. Merk. Yayım Bül., İzmir.Bazina E (2015). Chemical variation in essential oils of Salvia officinalis L. ecotypes cultivated in Albania. J. Life Sci. 9: 95–102.Behradmanesh S, Derees F, Rafieian-Kopaei M (2013). Effect of Salvia officinalis on diabetic patients. J. Ren. Inj. Prev. 2 (2): 51–54.Benelli G, Revadi S, Carpita A, Giunti G, Raspi A, Anfora G, Canale A (2013). Behavioral and electrophysiological responses of the parasitic wasp Psyttalia concolor (Szépligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to Ceratitis capitata-induced fruit volatiles. Biol. Control 64 (2): 116–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2012.10.010Bhadoriya U, Tiwari S, Sharma P, Bankey S, Mourya M (2011). Diuretic activity of extract of Salvia officinalis. Asian J. Pharm. Life Sci. 1: 24–8.Bilu E, Hopper KR, Coll M (2006). Host choice by Aphidius colemani: effects of plants, plant–aphid combinations and the presence of intra-guild predators. Ecol. Entomol. 31 (4): 331–336.Blackman RL, Eastop VF (2006). Aphids on the World’s Herbaceous Plants and Shrubs, Aphids on the world’s herbaceous plants and shrubs. Wiley, Chichester.Borror DJ, DeLong DM, Triplehorn CH (1981). An Introduction to The Study of Insects, 5th ed. Saunder College Publ., Ohio.CABI (2005). Crop Protection Compendium [CD-ROM]. CAB International., Wallingord.Celep F, Doğan M, Kahraman A (2010). Re-evaluated conservation status of Salvia (sage) in Turkey I: The Mediterranean and the Aegean geographic regions. Turk. J. Bot. 34: 201–214.Ceylan A (1996). Tıbbi Bitkiler-II: Uçucu Yağ Bitkileri. E.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi, Yayınları No. 481, Izmir.Corsi G, Bottega S (1999). Glandular hairs of Salvia officinalis: new data on morphology, localization and histochemistry in relation to function. Ann. Bot. 84: 657–664.Cvetkovikj I, Stefkov G, Karapandzova M, Kulevanova S, Satović Z (2015). Essential oils and chemical diversity of Southeast European populations of Salvia officinalis L. Chem. Biodivers. 12: 1025–1039.Döring TF (2014). How aphids find their host plants, and how they don’t: Aphid host finding. Ann. Appl. Biol. 165: 3–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12142Fu Z, Wang H, Hu X, Sun Z, Han C (2013). The pharmacological properties of Salvia essential oils. J. Appl. Pharm. Sci. 3 (7): 122–127.Goulet H, Huber JT, Canada (Eds.) (1993). Hymenoptera of the World: An Identification Guide to Families, Publication. Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research, Ottawa, Ontario. Giustina W della, Bonfils J, Le Quesne WJ (1989). Homoptères Cicadellidae, Faune de France. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris.Jug-Dujaković M, Ristić M, Pljevljakušić D, Dajić-Stevanović Z, Liber Z, Hančević K, Radić T, Šatović Z (2012). High diversity of indigenous populations of dalmatian sage (Salvia officinalis L.) in essential-oil composition. Chem. Biodivers. 9: 2309–2323.Karabacak E, Uysal I, Doğan M (2009). Cultivated Salvia species in Turkey. Biol. Divers. Conserv. 2 (1): 71–77.Kathe W, Honnef S, Heym S (2003). Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia and Romania. Bundesamt für Naturschutz, Germany.Kaygin AT, Gorur G, Cota F (2008). Contribution to the aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) species damaging on woody plants in Bartın, Türkiye. Int. J. Nat. Eng. Sci. 2 (1): 83–86.Khan ZR, James DG, Midega CAO, Pickett JA (2008). Chemical ecology and conservation biological control. Biol. Control 45: 210–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.11.009Kosztarab M, Kozár F (1988). Scale Insects of Central Europe. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest.Lakušić BS, Ristić MS, Slavkovska VN, Stojanović DL, Lakušić DV (2013). Variations in essential oil yields and compositions of Salvia officinalis (Lamiaceae) at different developmental stages. Bot. Serbica 37 (2): 127–139.Mahabir D, Gulliford MC (1997). Use of medicinal plants for diabetes in Trinidad and Tobago. Rev. Panam. Salud Pública 1 (3): 174–179.Martin EA, Reineking B, Seo B, Steffan-Dewenter I (2013). Natural enemy interactions constrain pest control in complex agricultural landscapes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 110 (14): 5534–5539. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1215725110Martin JH (1983). The identification of common aphid pests of tropical agriculture. Trop. Pest Manag. 29: 395–411. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670878309370834Mason NA (2017). Effects of wind, ambient temperature and sun position on damselfly flight activity and perch orientation. Anim. Behav. 124: 175–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.12.025Mohammad SM, Rita (2011). A Study on Sage (Salvia officinalis). J. Appl. Sci. Res. 7 (8): 1261–1262.Shahrzad K, Mahya N, Fatemeh TB, Maryam K, Mohammadreza FB, Jahromy MH (2014). Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of Salvia officinalis L. hydroalcoholic extract in male rats. Chin. Med. 05: 130–136. https://doi.org/10.4236/cm.2014.52016Ślipiński A (2007). Australian Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Their biology and classification. CSIRO Entomology, Australia. Speight MCD, Sarthou J-P (2011). StN Keys for the Identification of Adult European Syrphidae (Diptera), Glasgow 2011. Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae, Syrph the Net publications, Dublin.Świerczewski D (2014). A food plant study of the Auchenorrhyncha of the Częstochowa upland, southern Poland (Insecta, Hemiptera). Cicadina 9: 15–22.Tosun A, Khan S, Kim Y, Calín-Sánchez A, Hysenaj X, Carbonell-Barrachina A (2014). Essential oil composition and anti-inflammatory activity of Salvia officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) in murin macrophages. Trop. J. Pharm. Res. 13 (6): 937–942. https://doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v13i6.16Zarkani A, Khan MK, Turanlı F, Zeynep Y (2017a). Elytral color polymorphism in Hippodamia variegata Goeze (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in sage plant fields and laboratory rearing condition, Izmir-Turkey. Abstr. Book XIII. Uluslararası Katılımlı Ekoloji ve Çevre Kongresi, Edirne-Turkey.Zarkani A, Turanlı F, Sönmez Ç, Bayram E, Özdemir I (2017b). Incidence and economic impact of the mint aphid, Eucarazzia elegans (Ferrari) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on common sage. Turk. J. Entomol. 41 (4): 383–392. https://doi.org/10.16970/entoted.338082Zarkani A, Turanlı F (2018). Short communication: Morphological characterizations of Aphis passeriniana (Del Guercio) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) living on common sage in Turkey. Biodiversitas. 19 (4): 1319 ̶ 1325. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190419