Kuraklık Stresi Koşullarında Börülcede (Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp)) Belirli Verim Özelliklerinde Genetik kontrol ve Birleşme Yeteneğinin Etkileri

Bu araştırma, kuraklık stresi altında verime ait bazı temel özelliklere genetik kontrol ve uygulamaların ortak etkilerini değerlendirmek için yapılmıştır. Su stresli ve iyi sulanmış koşullar altında kırk iki hibrit, arazi deneylerinde iki yıl boyunca test edildi. Varyasyonun çeşitli genetik bileşenlerinin değerlendirilmesi yapıldı. Hem eklemeli (D) hem de baskın (H1) varyans bileşenleri, her iki koşulda da hem eklemeli hem de eklemeli olmayan gen etkilerini düşündüren özelliklerin çoğunda önemliydi. Çalışma, su stresi (WS) koşulları altında minimum gen sayısının, % 50 çiçeklenme döneminde, bakla uzunluğu için 0.02 ila 16.13 arasında değiştiğini gösterdi. Dar anlamda kalıtsallık, bitki başına bakla sayısı ve bakla uzunluğu için % 24'ten gün sayısı için % 66'ya, WS koşulunda % 50 çiçeklenmeye kadar değişmektedir. SCA ve GCA'nın etkileri belirlendi. Her iki koşulda da IT93K-432-1 ve IT97K-499-35, her iki özellik üzerinde de en güçlü GCA sonuçlarını gösterdi. Danila × IT93K-432-1, Danilla × IT97K-499-35 ve TVu7778 × IT99K-573-2-1'in, özelliklerin çoğu için her iki koşulda da en iyi SCA etkisine sahip olduğu gözlemlendi. Çoğu özellikte, eklemeli ve eklemeli olmayan gen etkilerinden artı eklemeli × eklemeli ve eklemeli × baskın gen etkileşimleri yaygındı. Özetle, eklemeli ve eklemeli olmayan gen aktiviteleri tespit edildi; fakat, her iki koşulda da eklemeli olmayan gen eyleminin üstünlüğü vardı. Sonuç olarak, bu özelliklerin geliştirilmesi, baskın gen etkisinin prevalansının bir sonucu olarak her iki koşulda da genlerin sonraki nesillerde uygun şekilde yeniden birleştirilmesine izin verecek tekrarlayan bir seçim tekniğini içerecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Birleşme yeteneği, Börülce, Kuraklık toleransı, Epistaz, Genotipler, Katkısız

Genetic Control and Combining Ability Effects of Certain Yield Traits in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. (Walp)) under Conditions of Drought Stress

This research was undertaken to assess genetic control and combining effects of some essential traits of yield under drought stress. Forty-two hybrids under water-stressed and well-watered conditions were tested in field experiments for two years. Evaluation of the various genetic components of variation was performed. Both the additive (D) and the dominant (H1) variance components were important in most of the traits suggesting both additive and non-additive gene effects under both conditions. The study showed that the minimum number of genes under water-stressed (WS) conditions ranged from 0.02 for pod length to 16.13 for days to 50% flowering. The narrow-sense heritability ranged from 24% for the number of pods per plant and pod length to 66% for the number of days to 50% flowering under WS condition. The impacts of SCA and GCA have been determined. In both conditions IT93K-432-1 and IT97K-499-35 showed the strongest GCA results on both of the traits. Danila×IT93K-432-1, Danilla×IT97K-499-35, and TVu7778×IT99K-573-2-1 have been observed to have the best SCA effect under both conditions for most of the traits. In most traits, additive and non-additive gene effects plus additive × additive and additive × dominance gene interactions were common. In summary, additive and non-additive gene actions were detected; however, there was a preponderance of non-additive gene action in both conditions. As a result, the enhancement of these traits would involve a repetitive selection technique as a result of the prevalence of the dominant gene effect, which would allow favorable recombination of the genes in both conditions in later generations.

Keywords:

Combining ability, Cowpea, Drought tolerance, Epistasis, Genotypes, Non-additive,

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