198102

Hizan İlçesinde Kullanılan Tıbbi Bitkilerin Etnobotanik İncelemesi (Bitlis-Türkiye)

Doğu Anadolu'da tibbi bitki kullanım kültürü çok zengindir. Hizan ilçesi bunun en güzel örneklerinden biridir. Hizan, oldukça engebeli bir topografyaya sahiptir. Geçmişte, Hizan halkı coğrafi yapısı ve sert kış koşulları nedeniyle hastalıklarını tedavi etmek için alternatif ilaçlar geliştirdi. Hizan (Bitlis) ilçesinde yürütülen bu çalışma Bitlis ilinde kullanılan geleneksel tıbbi bitkilerin bilgisinin ilk araştırmasıdır. Bu araştırma, yerel halk tarafından kullanılan tıbbi bitkileri bilimsel olarak tanımlamayı ve Hizan'da yaşayan yerel halkın geleneksel tıbbi bitki kullanım kültürünü kaydetmeyi amaçlamaktadır. 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında etnobotanik bilgi ve deneyime sahip katılımcılar ile yüz yüze görüşmeler yapılmış ve toplanan örnekler herbaryum tekniklerine göre hazırlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak 35 farklı hastalığın tedavisinde kullanılan 29 familyaya ait 71 takson tespit edilmiştir. Bazı taksonların geleneksel tıbbi kullanımı Hizan'a özgüdür. Sonuçlar, en fazla kullanılan bitki sınıfına sahip taksonomik familyanın Asteraceae olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bunları Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Polygonaceae ve Apiaceae takip etmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Etnobotanik, Şifalı bitkiler, Hizan, Bitlis

An Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used in Hizan District (Bitlis-Turkey)

Medicinal plant use culture is very rich in East Anatolia. Hizan district is one of the best examples of this. Hizan has a very hilly topography. In the past, people is living in Hizan developed alternative medicines to treat their illnesses because of geographical structure and harsh winter conditions. This study was conducted in Hizan (Bitlis) district and it was the first investigation of the knowledge of tra-ditional medicinal plants used in Bitlis Province. This research aims to scientifically identify the medicinal plants used by local people and record the culture of traditional medicinal plants use of local people living in Hizan. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with participants with ethnobotanical knowled-ge and experience in 2018 and 2019 and the collected samples were prepared according to herbarium techniques. Consequently 71 taxa belonging to 29 families used for the treatment of 35 different diseases were identified. The traditional medical use of some taxa was specific to Hizan. The results revealed that the taxonomic family with the greatest number of utilized plants was Asteraceae. These are followed by Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Polygonaceae and Apiaceae.

Keywords:

Bitlis, Ethnobotany, Hizan, Medicinal plants,

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