Üç Fazlı Bir Asenkron Motorun Çeşitli Bobin Adım Biçimi ile Performans ve Harmonik Analizi

Bu çalışmada üç-fazlı sincap kafesli bir asenkron motorun akım ve gerilim harmonikleri ile verim, çıkış gücü ve tork karakteristikleri sinüzoidal uyartım altında stator sargısında tam ve kesirli farklı sargı adımları kullanılarak sonlu elemanlar yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Stator sargısı, Ansys/RMxprt ve Maxwell/2D yazılımı kullanılarak 100°, 120°, 140°, 160°, 180°, 200°, 220°, 240° ve 260° sargı adımları ile modellenmiş ve performans analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Akım ve gerilim harmonik analizleri Maxwell/2D benzetim verilerinin Matlab ortamında işlenmesi ile elde edilmiştir. Maxwell/2D sonuçları maksimum verimin 200° yüksek adımlı konfigürasyonun tam sargı adımına göre %0.73 daha yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Maksimum çıkış gücü ve tork değerleri 240° yüksek adımlı konfigürasyon için tam sargı adımına göre sırasıyla %7.96 ve %7.45 daha yüksek gerçekleşmiştir. Sonuçlar hem düşük hem de yüksek adımlı kesirli sargıların akım ve gerilim dalga şekillerindeki harmonik eliminasyonu için kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. Ancak, yüksek adımlı sargılar faz akımı harmoniklerini bastırmada daha iyi sonuç vermiştir. Faz akımı ve endüklenen gerilim THD değerleri, 260° yüksek adımlı ve 120° düşük adımlı konfigürasyonlar için tam sargı adımına göre sırasıyla %52.39 ve %74.6 daha düşük elde edilmiştir. Yüksek adımlı sargılar, az farkla da olsa, düşük adımlı sargılara göre daha yüksek verim, çıkış gücü ve tork sunmaktadır. Tüm harmonik bileşenleri ortadan kaldırmak için tek bir sargı adımı konfigürasyonunun olmadığı anlaşılmıştır. Bu nedenle, spesifik bir harmonik bileşeni ortadan kaldırmak için özel bir sargı adımı uygulanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Asenkron Motor, Harmonik, Sargı adımı, Sonlu elemanlar yöntemi, Stator sargısı

Performance and Harmonic Analysis of a Three-Phase Induction Motor with Various Coil Pitch Configurations

In this work, analyses of the effect of full-, under-, and over-pitched stator winding configurations on the efficiency, output power, torque characteristics, and current and voltage harmonic components are carried out on a three-phase, squirrel cage induction motor. Performance analyses have been performed both via Ansys/RMxprt and Maxwell/2D software by modelling the stator winding with coil pitches of 100°, 120°, 140°, 160°, 180°, 200°, 220°, 240°, and 260°. Current and voltage harmonics analyses have been performed in Matlab using the data obtained from Maxwell/2D simulations. Maxwell/2D results showed that the maximum efficiency is attained at 200° over-pitched configuration, which is 0.73% higher than the efficiency when the motor is full-pitched. The maximum output power and torque are attained at 240° over-pitched configuration, which is 7.96% and 7.45% more than the power and torque obtained when the motor is full-pitched, respectively. Harmonic analysis results showed that both under-pitched and over-pitched coils can be used to eliminate harmonics in the current and voltage waveforms. However, over-pitched coils performed better in eliminating the phase current harmonics. The minimum total harmonic distortion (THD) of the phase current and induced voltage are reached at 260° over-pitched and 120° under-pitched configurations, which is 52.39% and 74.36% lower than the THD when the motor is full-pitched, respectively. Over-pitched coils provide slightly higher efficiency, output power, and torque than the under-pitched coils. There is no unique coil pitch configuration to eliminate all harmonic components. Therefore, in order to eliminate a specific harmonic component, a specific coil-pitch must be applied.

Keywords:

Coil pitch, Finite element analysis, Harmonics, Induction motor, Stator winding,

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