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IRANIAN POLITICAL SYSTEM: “MULLOCRACY?”

The definition of the Iranian political system which was structured after the 1979 Iranian Revolution has long been a matter of controversy among the political scientists. Although Iran is a self-declared Islamic Republic, scholars used or coined various terms such as democratic theocracy, oligarchic theocracy, and religious tyranny to define it. Iran has democratic institutions such as parliament and constitution, but the configuration of them does not make up a liberal democracy. This article analyzes Iranian political system by using the terms of comparative political science and seeks to define it. It examines major Iranian political institutions established after the 1979 Revolution and eventually concludes that the sui generis Iranian political system can be best defined with the term “mullocracy (government of the mullahs)” as the mullas hold the ultimate political power in the country.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Political System, Iran, Theocracy, Mullocracy, 1979 Revolution

İRAN SİYASİ SİSTEMİ: “MOLLAKRASİ?”

1979 İslam Devrimi’nden sonra kurulan İran siyasi sisteminin tanımı siyaset bilimciler arasında söz konusu devrimden bugüne tartışma konusu olagelmiştir. İran kendisini bir İslam Cumhuriyeti olarak tanımlasa da araştırmacılar İran siyasi sistemini tanımlamak için demokratik teokrasi, oligarşik teokrasi ve dini tiranlık gibi çeşitli terimler kullanmışlar veya üretmişlerdir. İran’da parlamento ve anayasa gibi demokratik kurumlar bulunmaktadır ancak bu siyasi kurumların kurgulanışı bir liberal demokrasi oluşturacak şekilde değildir. Bu makale İran siyasi sistemini karşılaştırmalı siyaset biliminin terimlerini kullanarak analiz etmekte ve tanımlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, 1979 Devrimi’nden sonra kurulmuş olan başlıca İran siyasi kurumlarını incelemekte ve netice olarak, ülkede mollalar nihai siyasi gücü ellerinde bulundurdukları için, İran’ın nevi şahsına münhasır siyasi sisteminin en iyi şekilde “mollakrasi (mollalar yönetimi)” terimiyle tanımlanabileceği sonucuna ulaşmaktadır.

Keywords:

Siyasi Sistem, İran, Teokrasi, Mollakrasi, 1979 Devrimi,

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