COVID-19’UN SOLUNUM SİSTEMİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ VE HEMŞİRELİK BAKIMI

Koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (COVID-19), şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs-2'nin (SARS-CoV-2) neden olduğu bir hastalıktır. Tüm dünyada küresel sağlığı tehdit eden COVID-19’da primer akciğer tutulumunun olması, solunum sistemini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Ayrıca bireyin yaşına, bağışıklık sistemine ve komorbiditelerine bağlı olarak bu etkiler kritik düzeye gelebilmektedir. Şiddetli COVID-19'un en yaygın klinik görünümü, akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromu (ARDS) ile uyumlu akut solunum yetmezliğidir. Bununla birlikte ağır pnömoni, kardiyojenik şok veya çoklu organ yetmezliği gelişebilir. COVID-19 ile ilişkili ARDS tablosuna ciddi solunum sıkıntısının eşlik etmesi, mekanik ventilasyona ihtiyaç duyan hasta sayısında artışa neden olmuştur. Bu nedenle pandemi nedeni ile artmaya devam eden sağlık bakım gereksinimlerinin karşılanması, morbidite ve mortalite riskinin azaltılması için güvenli ve yüksek kaliteli bakım gerçekleştirilmelidir. COVID-19 hastalarında solunum sistemi etkileri ve hemşirelik bakımı ile ilgili doğru ve güvenilir bilgiye sahip olmak tedavide başarıyı arttıracaktır. Fakat COVID-19'un solunum sistemi üzerindeki etkileri ve bakıma yönelik mevcut kaynaklar sınırlıdır. Bu nedenle oluşabilecek sorunlar ve hemşirelik bakımı ile ilgili bilgiye ihtiyacı vardır. Bu derlemede COVID-19’un solunum sistemi üzerine etkilerini açıklamak ve hemşirelik bakımı ile ilgili bilgi vermek amaçlanmıştır.

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