Sosyal Ağ Çağında Eşik Bekçisinin Değişen Rolü

Sosyal medyanın ortaya çıkışı ile geleneksel haber merkezlerinin yapı ve işlevlerinde değişiklikler görülmeye başlanmıştır. Sosyal medya, editör ve gazetecilerin veri toplama biçimini ve bilgi akışını kontrol etme işlevlerini değişime uğratmıştır. Bu değişiklikler ile eşik bekçiliği kavramı da yeniden düşünülmesi gereken kavramlar arasına girmiştir. Çalışmada, en çok takip edilen 100 haber sitesi içinden seçilen 10 haber sitesi editörüne derinlemesine mülakat yöntemi uygulanarak; kuruluşlarındaki sosyal medya kullanımı, veri toplama sürecinde sosyal medyanın rolü ve içeriği denetleyen mekanizmalar hakkında toplam 10 soru yöneltilmiş, cevaplar 5 başlık altında değerlendirilmiştir. Bu kapsamda sosyal medyanın veri toplama modeli ve yapılanmasını nasıl değiştirdiği ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda sosyal medyanın; editörlerin geleneksel rollerini etkilediği ve günümüzde en önemli haber kaynaklarından biri durumuna geldiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, Twitter’ın haber merkezlerinin günlük çalışmalarında haber almak için en sık kullandıkları sosyal ağ olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcılar, geleneksel medya ile internet medyasındaki eşik bekçiliği sürecindeki en önemli farklılığın, hız, doğruluk ve güvenilirlik faktörleri olduğunu, kuruluşlarında sosyal medya içeriklerinin doğruluğunu kontrol eden bir mekanizma bulunmadığını ancak kendi bünyelerinde oluşturdukları bazı filtrelerle bu sorunu aşmaya çalıştıklarını ortaya koydular.

The Changing Role of Gatekeeper in Social Network Era

With the advent the social media some changes started to happen in the face and the function of the traditional newsrooms. More than that, social media has changed how editors and reporters, report the news and, perhaps more importantly, control the flow of information. The gatekeeping theory came among the concepts that should be reconsidered due to the changes have been made. This study examined ten news professionals chosen among the 100 most visited news websites, and in-depth interview method was used to ask them 11 questions regarding the usage of social media in their respective news organization, social media’s role in newsgathering process and the mechanism which controls the content. In this study, the way that social media has changed the newsgathering model and structure were analyzed. The findings show that the social media had an impact on the editor’s traditional role in the newsroom and had become one of the essential news references in today’s newsrooms. The Twitter has identified as the most used social network to gather news in the daily newsroom’s work. The respondents suggested the speed, validity, and reliability as the most significant differences between traditional media and online media. They also said that there are not any specific mechanisms to control the social media content in their news outlets; however, they made their filters to cope up with social media content.

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