Gençliğe Özgü İçerik Üretiminde Riskli Fırsatları Değerlendirmek: Gençlerin Yakınlık, Mahremiyet Ve Kendilerini İfade Etmek İçin Sosyal Ağ Sitelerini Kullanımı

MySpace, Facebook, Bebo ve Friendster gibi sosyal paylaşım sitelerinin artışı, özellikle gençler açısından heyecan verici bir fırsat olarak görülmektedir. Buna karşılık kamunun tepkisi; sözde çok arkadaşı ama çok az mahremiyet duygusu olan, kendini sergilemeye karşı narsisist bir hayranlık duyan bir nesle karşı, korkuyla karışık bir şaşkınlık duyma eğilimindedir. Bu makale, çevrimiçi fırsat ve risk arasındaki üstü örtülü bağlantıları ortaya çıkarmak için gençlerin sosyal ağ pratiklerini araştırmaktadır. Daha küçük yaştaki gençler oldukça bezenmiş, biçemsel olarak ayrıntılandırılmış bir kimliği sürekli olarak yeniden yaratma fırsatlarının tadını çıkarırken, daha büyük gençler diğerleriyle olan bağlarını ön plana çıkaran, böylece özgün ilişkiler sayesinde yaşanan bir kimlik kavramını açığa çıkaran sade bir estetiği tercih etmektedir. Makale, sosyal paylaşım sitelerinin ikili sınıflandırmasıyla birlikte gençlerin kademeli ‘arkadaşlık’ mefhumlarını karşılaştırmaktadır, bu; çevrimiçi mahremiyetin bu sitelerin olanakları tarafından şekillendirildiği ve altının oyulduğu çeşitli yollardan biridir

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Olanaklar, Kimlik, Çevrimiçi İletişim, Çevrimiçi Risk, Mahremiyet, Sosyal Paylaşım Siteleri, Gençler, Gençlik

Taking risky opportunities in youthful content creation: teenagers’ use of social networking sites for intimacy, privacy and self-expression

PDF

___

Bakardjieva,M. (2005) Internet Society:The Internet in Everyday Life. London: Sage.
Barnes, S.B. (2006) ‘A Privacy Paradox: Social Networking in the United States’ First Monday 11(9), URL (consulted 9 March 2007): http://www.firstmonday.org/ISSUES/issue11_9/barnes/
BBC News (2006) ‘Social Sites Wrestle for Top Spot’, 24 May, URL (consulted 26 November 2007): http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/5012194.stm
Bolter, J.D. and R. Grusin (1999) Remediation: Understanding New Media. Cambridge, MA:MIT Press.
Boneva, B., A. Quinn, R. Kraut, S. Kiesler and I. Shklovski (2006) ‘Teenage Communication in the Instant Messaging Era’, in R. Kraut, M. Brynin and S. Kiesler (eds) Computers, Phones, and the Internet: Domesticating Information Technology, pp. 201–18. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
boyd, d. (2006) ‘Friends, Friendsters, and Top 8:Writing Community into Being on Social Network Sites’ First Monday, 11, URL (consulted 9 March 2007): http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue11_12/boyd/
boyd, d. and Ellison, N. (2007) ‘Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship’, Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 13(1), URL (consulted 30 January 2008): http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/boyd.ellison.html
Buchner, P., M.D. Bois-Reymond and H.-H. Kruger (1995) ‘Growing Up in Three European Regions’, in L. Chisholm (ed.) Growing Up in Europe: Contemporary Horizons in Childhood and Youth Studies, pp. 43–59. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Clark, L.S. (2005) ‘The Constant Contact Generation: Exploring Teen Friendship Networks Online’, in S. Mazzarella (ed.) Girl Wide Web, pp. 203–22. New York: Peter Lang.
Comscore (2006) ‘More than Half of MySpace Visitors Are Now Age 35 or Older’, 5 October, URL (consulted 6 July 2007): http://www.comscore.com/press/release.asp?press 1019
Dwyer, C. (2007) ‘Digital Relationships in the “MySpace” Generation: Results from a Qualitative Study’, in Proceedings of the Fortieth Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, p. 19. Los Alamitos, CA: IEEE Press.
EIAA (2006) ‘Social Networking to Drive Next Wave of Internet Usage’, 29 November, URL (consulted 6 July 2007): http://www.eiaa.net/news/eiaa-articles-details.asp?id106&lang=1
Erikson, E.H. (1980[1959]) Identity and the Life Cycle. New York:W.H. Norton &Co.
Fahey,T. (1995) ‘Privacy and the Family’, Sociology 29(4): 687–703.
Fairfax Digital News (2007) ‘Turning Japanese’, 1 March, URL (consulted 30 January 2008): http://www.theage.com.au/news/web/turning-japanese/2007/02/28/1172338633250.html
Gadlin, H. (1978) ‘Child Discipline and the Pursuit of Self: An Historical Interpretation’, in H.W. Reese and L.P. Lipsitt (eds) Advances in Child Development and Behavior,Vol. 12, pp. 231–61. New York: Academic Press.
Giddens, A. (1991) Modernity and Self-identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Goffman, E. (1959) The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Gross, E.F. (2004) ‘Adolescent Internet Use:What we Expect,What Teens Report’, Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 25(6): 633–49.
Haythornthwaite, C. (2001) ‘Tie Strength and the Impact of New Media’, paper presented Hawaii International Conference on Systems Sciences at the 34, Hawaii, 3–6 January.
Hinduja, S. and J.W. Patchin (2008) ‘Personal Information of Adolescents on the Internet: A Quantitative Content Analysis of MySpace’, Journal of Adolescence 31(1): 125–46.
Hjarvard, S. (2006) ‘The Mediatization of Religion: A Theory of the Media as an Agent of Religious Change’, paper presented at the Fifth International Conference on Media, Religion and Culture, Sweden, 6–9 July.
Hope, A. (2007) ‘Risk Taking, Boundary Performance and Intentional School Internet “Misuse”’, Discourse 28(1): 87–99.
Hutchby, I. (2001) ‘Technologies,Texts and Affordances’, Sociology 35(2): 441–56.
James, A., C. Jenks and A. Prout (1998) Theorizing Childhood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Jenkins, H. (2006) Convergence Culture:Where Old and New Media Collide. New York:New York University Press.
Lenhart, A. and M. Madden (2007) ‘Social Networking Websites and Teens: an Overview’,URL (consulted 20 December 2007): http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_SNS_Data_Memo_Jan_2007.pdf
Liau, A.K., A. Khoo and P.H. Ang (2005) ‘Factors Influencing Adolescents’ Engagement in Risky Internet Behavior’, CyberPsychology & Behaviour 8(2): 513–20.
Livingstone, S. (1998) ‘Mediated Childhoods: A Comparative Approach to Young People’s Changing Media Environment in Europe’, European Journal of Communication 13(4): 435–56.
Livingstone, S. (2002) Young People and New Media: Childhood and the Changing Media Environment. London: Sage.
Livingstone, S. (2006) ‘Children’s Privacy Online: Experimenting with Boundaries Within and Beyond the Family’, in R. Kraut, M. Brynin and S. Kiesler (eds) Computers, Phones, and the Internet: Domesticating Information Technology, pp. 128–44. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Livingstone, S. and E.J. Helsper (2007) ‘Taking Risks When Communicating on the Internet:The Role of Offline Social-psychological Factors in Young People’s Vulnerability to Online Risks’, Information, Communication and Society 10(5): 619–44.
Marwick, A. (2005) ‘“I’m a Lot More Interesting than a Friendster Profile”: Identity Presentation, Authenticity and Power in Social Networking Services’, paper presented at the Conference of the Association of Internet Researchers 6, Chicago, 5–6 October.
Mead, G.H. (1934) Mind, Self and Society: From the Standpoint of a Social Behaviourist. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Mesch, G.S. and I.Talmud (2007) ‘Similarity and the Quality of Online and Offline Social Relationships among Adolescents in Israel’, Journal of Research on Adolescence 17(2): 455–66.
Nielsen//Netratings (2006) ‘Social Networking Sites Grow 47 Percent,Year over Year, Reaching 45 Percent of Web Users’, 11 May, URL (consulted 26 November 2007): http://www.nielsen-netratings.com/pr/pr_060511.pdf
Nielsen//Netratings (2007) ‘Facebook and Bebo:The Assault on MySpace’, 28 June, URL (consulted 30 January 2008): http://www.nielsen-netratings.com/pr/pr_070628_ UK.pdf
Nussbaum, E. (2007) ‘Say Everything’, New York Magazine, 12 February, URL (consulted 6 July 2007): http://nymag.com/news/features/27341/
Silverstone, R. (2006) ‘Domesticating Domestication: Reflections on the Life of a Concept’, in T. Berker,M. Hartmann,Y. Punie and K.J.Ward (eds) The Domestication of Media and Technology, pp. 229–48. Maidenhead: Open University Press.
Stattin Kerr, M.H. (2000) ‘What Parents Know, How They Know it, and Several Forms of Adolescent Adjustment: Further Support for a Reinterpretation of Monitoring’, Developmental Psychology 36(3): 366–80.
Stein, L. and N. Sinha (2002) ‘New Global Media and Communication Policy:The Role of the State in Twenty-first Century’, in L. Lievrouw and S. Livingstone (eds) Handbook of New Media: Social Shaping and Consequences of ICTs, pp. 410–31. London: Sage.
Sunday Times (2007) ‘Generation Shock Finds Liberty Online’, 25 February, URL (consulted 30 January 2008): http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article1433751.ece
Sundén, J. (2003)Material Virtualities: Approaching Online Textual Embodiment. New York: Peter Lang
Wolak, J., K.J.Mitchell and D. Finkelhor (2006) Online Victimization of Youth: Five Years Later. Durham, NH: National Center for Missing and Exploited Children, University of New Hampshire.
Ziehe,T. (1994) ‘From Living Standard to Life Style’, Young: Nordic Journal of Youth Research 2(2): 2–16.