KRONİK HASTALIKLAR İLE ABSENTİZM VE PRESENTİZM İLİŞKİSİNİN BELİRLENMESİ1

Nüfusun yaşlanmasıyla birlikte kronik hastalığı olan çalışan sayısı da artmaktadır. Kronik hastalığı olan bir çalışan damgalanma, ayrımcılık, işgücü kaybı, işe devamsızlık (absentizm) ve presentizm gibi pek çok sorunla karşılaşmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sağlık sorunu nedenli işe devamsızlık ve presentizm ile demografik özellikler, işe bağlı faktörler ve kronik hastalık varlığı arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Kesitsel tipte olan bu çalışmaya, İzmir'de yer alan farklı sektörlerden dört işletmede çalışan toplam 556 kişi katılmıştır. Demografik özellikler; kronik hastalık varlığı, ailede bakım gereksinimleri ve işe bağlı faktörler araştırılmıştır. İşe devamsızlık, "son 1 ay içinde sağlık problemleriniz nedeniyle işe gelemediğiniz oldu mu?" sorusu ile değerlendirilmiştir. Presentizmi değerlendirmek için 6 maddelik Stanford Presenteeism (SPS-6) Likert Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların % 79,6'sı erkek, % 28,3'ü lise ve daha yukarı eğitim düzeyine sahiptir. Çalışanların % 15,9'unun en az bir kronik sağlık sorunu saptanmıştır. Katılımcıların % 10,2'si sağlık problemleri nedeniyle son 1 ay içinde işe gelemediğini belirtmiştir. Çalışanın kronik hastalığının olması ve ailede bakıma gereksinim duyan birinin varlığı işe devamsızlık ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. SPS-6 ölçeğinden ortalama alınan puan 19,9±3,3 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Kadınlarda, yüksek tempolu çalışanlarda ve kronik hastalığı olanlarda presentizm, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı daha yüksek saptanmıştır. İşletmelerin, kadınlara, kronik hastalığı ve ailede bakıma muhtaç yakını olanlara, işçi dostu işyeri kültürü oluşturarak destek olmaları gereklidir.

As people get older, we observe more employees with chronicle diseases. Employees with chronicle diseases encounter many problems such as discrimination, absenteeism, loss of working power and presenteeism. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between sickness absenteeism/ presenteeism and demographic characteristics, work-related factors, chronic diseases. In İzmir, 556 people from 4 enterprises in different sectors attended to this cross-sectional study. In this study demographical features, existence of chronicle diseases, caring needs within the family and work-related factors were inquired. A criterion of absenteeism was testified by the question of "Have you been unable to come to work because of your health problems in the last month?" In order to test presenteeism, Stanford Presenteeism (SPS-6) Likert Scale comprising 6 items was used. Of the participants, 79,6 % were male, 28.3 % were at high school or higher education level. Of the personnel, 15,9 % have been diagnosed with at least one chronicle disease. Of the participants, 10,2 % have stated that they couldn't come to work because of their health issues in the last month. A relation is found between absenteeism and personnel having chronicle disease, and having a family member that needs care. The mean score in SPS-6 was 19.9±3,3. Presenteeism was statistically more frequent among women, employees working at full strecth and employees with chronicle diseases. Enterprises should support women, employees with chronicle diseases and those havinge a family member who needs care by establishing worker friendly workplace culture.

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ISSN: 1013-1388
Başlangıç: 2004
Yayıncı: T.C. SANAYİ VE TEKNOLOJİ BAKANLIĞI STRATEJİK ARAŞTIRMALAR VE VERİMLİLİK GENEL MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ

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