Oksidatif DNA Hasarı ve Kromatografik Yöntemlerle Tespit Edilmesi

Serbest radikaller, hücresel metabolizma sırasında veya ekzojen ajanlarla meydana gelen kimyasal ürünlerdir. Bu ürünler hücrelerde DNA, protein, lipid, karbonhidratlar gibi biyomoleküllerle etkileşime girmekte ve sonuçta meydana gelen oksidatif DNA hasarı mutajenite, karsinojenite ve yaşlanmaya yol açmaktadır. Bu hasar mekanizması, karbon merkezli şeker radikallerinin ve OH- veya H- bağlanmış heterosiklik baz radikallerinin oluşumuna yol açan, serbest radikallerin ayrılma ve birleşme tepkimelerinden ibarettir. Bu radikallerin daha fazla tepkimeye girmesi ise çok sayıda hasarlı ürünün oluşmasına yol açar. Oksidatif DNA hasarının önemini ve mekanizmasını anlayabilmek için doğru ve kesin ölçümlerin yapılması gereklidir. Bu amaçla, geçmişten günümüze; immunokimyasal teknikler, kapillar elektroforez, tek hücre jel elektroforezi (Comet testi), alkalin elusyon testi ve kromatografi gibi çeşitli analitik yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntemlerden gaz kromatografi kütle spektrometresi (GCMS) ve likit kromatografi kütle spektrometresi (LC-MS) çok sayıda hasarlı ürünün tanımlanması ve miktarının ölçülmesinde günümüzde yaygın olarak kullanılırlar. Hazırlanan bu derlemede oksidatif DNA hasarının oluşum mekanizması, hasara neden olan etmenler ve hasarın tespitinde kullanılan kromatografik yöntemler hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Oksidatif DNA Hasarı, 8-OHdG, GC-MS

Oksidatif DNA Hasarı ve Kromatografik Yöntemlerle Tespit Edilmesi

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