Ece KOÇ YILDIRIM, Mehmet KAYA, Evrim DERELİ FİDAN

Etlik Piliçlerde Sıcak İklimde Soğuk Su ve Yerleşim Sıklığının Oksidatif Metabolizmaya Etkisi

Bu çalışma, sıcaklık stresi altında yetiştirilen etlik piliçlerde, içme suyu sıcaklığı ve yerleşim sıklığının kalp, karaciğer, bursa fabricius ve timus dokularında oksidatif metabolizma üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak için yapıldı. Deney, 360 adet bir günlük Ross 308 erkek etlik civcivin, her grupta 4 tekerrür olacak şekilde rastgele 6 deney grubuna bölünmesiyle oluşturuldu. Deneysel uygulamalar, 3 x 2 faktöriyel düzenlemede üç farklı yerleşim sıklığı (düşük = 12 kanatlı/m2, orta = 15 kanatlı/m2 veya yüksek = 18 kanatlı/m2) ve iki farklı içme suyu sıcaklığını (10oC veya 31oC) içerdi. Deney sonunda örnek alımı için her tekrar grubundan 2 tavuk alınarak ötenazi edildi. Sonuçlar, yüksek yerleşim sıklığının oksidatif hasarda ve kalp, karaciğer ve timusta MDA oluşumunda bir artışa neden olduğunu gösterdi. Buna karşın soğuk su, timustaki yüksek yerleşim sıklığı nedeniyle oluşan oksidatif hasarı iyileştirdi. Çalışmada, antioksidan sistem üzerine yerleşim sıklığı ve soğuk içme suyu arasındaki etkileşimler genel olarak önemsiz bulundu. Bunun yanısıra, soğuk su uygulaması kalp ve timus dokularında CAT aktivitesini artırırken GSH aktivitesini azalttı. Sonuç olarak, içme suyu sıcaklığı ve yerleşim sıklığı yüksek sıcaklıkta yetiştirilen etlik piliçlerde oksidatif metabolizmayı etkileyen anahtar çevresel faktörlerdir; ancak su sıcaklığı ve yerleşim sıklığı interaksiyonunun antioksidan enzimler üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi açısından günümüz koşullarında daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Barınak, Oksidatif stres, Su, Tavuk, Yüksek sıcaklık

The Effect of Cold Water and Stocking Density on Oxidative Metabolism in Broiler Chickens During Hot Dry Season

The present experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of drinking water temperature and stocking density (SD) on oxidative metabolism in the heart, liver, bursa fabricius, and thymus in broiler chickens raised under heat stress. The experiment comprised of 360 one-day-old Ross 308 male broiler chickens randomly divided to 6 experimental groups with 4 replicates in each group. Experimental treatments included three different SD (low = 12 birds/m2, medium = 15 birds/m2 or high = 18 birds/m2) and two different drinking water temperature (10oC or 31oC) in a 3 x 2 factorial arrangement. At the end of the experiment (42 days of age), two birds per replicate were euthanized for sample collection. The results indicated high SD increased oxidative damage and caused an increase in MDA formation in the heart, liver and thymus. On the other hand, cold water ameliorated the oxidative damage due to the high SD in the thymus. In the study, the statistically non-significant interaction was generally determined between cage stocking density and cold drinking water on the antioxidant system. Besides, while cold water administration increased CAT activity in heart and thymus tissues, decreased GSH activity. In conclusion, drinking water temperature and stocking density are key environmental factors effecting oxidative metabolism when broilers under high temperature conditions; however, more studies are needed in terms of the interactive effects of water temperature and stocking density on antioxidant enzymes under current conditions.

Keywords:

Chickens, Housing, Hot temperature, Oxidative stress, Water,

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