Murat ÖZTÜRK, Nuri ÖZEK, Yunus Emre YÜKSEL

DOĞALGAZDAN HİDROJEN ÜRETİLMESİ VE SALINAN KARBONDİOKSİTİN TUTULMASI

Kısa ve orta vadede artan hidrojen talebi fosil yakıtlardan, özellikle de doğalgazdan karşılanacaktır. Bu yöntem, hidrojen atmosfere CO2 salınımları olmadan, makul fiyata üretilebileceği için çevresel ve ekonomik açıdan da uygundur. Bunun için iki temel seçenek vardır. Birincisi hidrojenin doğalgazdan geleneksel bir yöntem olan ve CO2’un tutularak tecrit edilmesini de içeren buhar–reformasyon yöntemiyle eldesidir. Açığa çıkan CO2 okyanus diplerinde depolanabilir ya da petrol ve doğalgaz yatakları gibi jeolojik formasyonlarda tutularak tecrit edilebilir. Bir diğer alternatif yöntem ise doğalgazın yüksek sıcaklıklarda saf hidrojen ve karbona ayrışımıdır. Elde edilen hidrojen enerji taşıyıcısı olarak kullanılabilir. Karbon; yapı malzemeleri, elektrik üretimi ve toprağın ıslahı gibi çeşitli alanlarda kullanılmak üzere pazara sunulabilir. Bu çalışmada, doğalgazdan geleneksel buhar-reformasyon prosesiyle hidrojen üretimi ve doğalgazın yüksek sıcaklıkta katalitik olarak hidrojen ve karbona ayrıştırılması yöntemleri teknolojik, çevresel ve ekonomik açılardan karşılaştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Çevre, hidrojen, karbondioksit tutumu

HYDROGEN PRODUCTION FROM NATURAL GAS AND CAPTURES OF CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS

In the near and medium term, increasing demand for hydrogen will be covered from fossil fuels, especially natural gas. This method of hydrogen production without releasing CO2 into the atmosphere, producing a reasonable price for the environmental and economic is also appropriate. In order to achieve this, there are two basic options. The first one is that hydrogen production from natural gas as a conventional method and including CO2 sequestration is steam-reforming method. Emitted CO2 can be captured in the bottom of the ocean or sequestrated in geological formations such as oil and natural gas deposits. The second way is natural gas decomposition to produce pure hydrogen and oxygen at high temperatures. Hydrogen obtained from natural gas decomposition can be used as energy carrier. Carbon can be presented to the market such as building materials, electricity generation and improvement of soil to be used in various fields. In this study, hydrogen production process via conventional steam-reforming of natural gas and hydrogen and carbon as natural gas into high-temperature catalytic decomposition methods to technological, environmental and economic aspects were compared.

Keywords:

Environment, hydrogen, carbon dioxide sequestration,

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