GİRİŞİMCİLİK VE İSTİHDAM ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: GEÇİŞ EKONOMİLERİ ÖRNEĞİ / The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship And Employment: The Case Of Transition Economies

Ülkenin kalkınmasında çalışabilen nüfusun güçlü yapısı son derece önemli rol oynamaktadır. Günümüzde istihdam oranını arttırmak için bütün ülkeler mücadele vermektedir. İstihdam sorununun çözümünde girişimciliğin desteklenmesi gerekmektedir. Girişimcilik bir yandan ekonomik faaliyetlerin canlanmasına dolayısıyla üretimin artmasına diğer yandan işsizliğin azalmasına yol açacaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kırgızistan, Belarus, Ermenistan, Özbekistan, Tacikistan, Litvanya, Letonya, Gürcistan, Kazakistan ve Estonya gibi toplam 10 geçiş ülkesinde girişimciliğin istihdam üzerinde etkili olup olmadığını incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda seçilmiş geçiş sürecindeki ülkelerin 2006-2016 dönemine ait on bir yıllık verileri kullanılmıştır. İlk önce serilerin durağanlığı panel birim kök testi ile araştırılmıştır. Daha sonra Panel ARDL modeli aracılığıyla değişkenler arasındaki ilişki ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Ampirik uygulama sonucu elde edilen bulgular değerlendirilerek önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Girişimcilik, İstihdam, Geçiş Ekonomileri, Panel Veri Analizi

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND EMPLOYMENT: THE CASE OF TRANSITION ECONOMIES / Girişimcilik Ve İstihdam Arasındaki İlişki: Geçiş Ekonomileri Örneği

A strong structure of the working population plays an important role in the development of the country. Today, all countries are struggling to increase the rate of employment. Entrepreneurship needs to be supported in the solution of the unemployment problem. Entrepreneurship will lead to a revival of economic activities and an increase in production on the other hand, a decrease in unemployment. The aim of this study is to examine whether entrepreneurship affects employment in a total of 10 transition countries such as Kyrgyzstan, Belarus, Armenia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Lithuania, Latvia, Georgia, Kazakhstan and Estonia. For this purpose, annual data of selected transition countries for 2006-2016 period were used. First, the stability of the series was investigated with panel unit root test. Then, the relationship between the variables was tried to be revealed through Panel ARDL model. The findings obtained by empirical application were evaluated and recommendations were made.

Keywords:

Entrepreneurship, Employment, Transition Economies, Panel Data Analysis,

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