Nuray SİVRİTEPE, Masum BURAK, Temel YALÇIN

Ata sarısı, Uslu ve Yalova İncisi üzüm çeşitlerinde dona dayanımının belirlenmesi

Denemede Ata Sarısı, Uslu ve Yalova Incisi uzum gesitlerine ait bir yash surgunlerden hazırlanan, tek gözlü çelikler kullanılmıştir. Yapay don testleri, 1. (-15 ve -20°C), 3. (-10 ve -15°C) ve 5. fenolojik safhalarda (-2 ve -5°C) gerçeklestirilmistir. 1. ve 3. fenolojik safhalarda soğutma hizi 5°C/saat, uygulama suresi 24 saattir. 5. fenolojik safhada ise soğutma hizi 2°C/saat, uygulama suresi ise 5 saattir. Dona dayanım kabiliyetlerinin belirlenmesi amaciyla, don testlerinin hemen sonrasinda kislik goz ve dal dokularında iyon akışı (%) tespit edilmistir. Ayrıca iklim dolabinda (20°C sıcaklik, %80 nispi nem ve 16 saat fotoperiyot) 6 haftahk iyilestirme periyodunu takiben, büyüme ve gelisme fizyolojisine dair parametreler degerlendirilmistir. Sonug olarak, Ata Sarisi, Uslu ve Yalova Incisi uzum gesitlerinin 1. fenolojik safhada -15°C'ye, 5. fenolojik safhada ise -5°C'ye kadar olan düşük sicaklıklara dayaniklı oldugu belirlenmistir. 1. fenolojik safhada -20°C, 3. fenolojik safhada ise -10°C ve -15°C'lerin ölüme neden oldugu tespit edilmistir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

çelikler, üzüm, fenoloji, sıcaklık, kültür çeşitleri, dona dayanıklılık

Determination of frost resistance in Ata Sarısı, Uslu and Yalova İncisi grapevine cultivars

Single bud cuttings, which were prepared from canes of grapevine cultivars Ata Sarisi, Uslu and Yalova Incisi, were used in this study. Artificial frost tests at different freezing temperatures were carried out during three different phenological stages, i.e. 1st stage (-15 and -20°C); 3rd stage (-10 and -15°C) and 5 stage (-2 and -5°C). The velocity of cooling was 5°C/hour and the treatment period was 24 hours, at the lsl and 3rd phenological stages. However, the velocity of cooling was 2°C/hour and the treatment period was 5 hours, at the 5th phenological stage. After the frost tests, ionic leakage (%) was evaluated in dormant buds and wood tissues to determine the frost resistance ability. Moreover, following a recovery period of 6 weeks in a climatic chamber (running at 20°C temperature, 80% relative humidity and 16 hours photoperiod), parameters regarding growth and development physiology were also evaluated. It was concluded that grape-vine cultivars Ata Sansi, Uslu and Yalova Incisi were resistant to freezing temperatures as low as -15°C at the F' phenological stage, however, -5°C at the 5lh phenological stage. It was also concluded that the lethal temperatures for these grapevine cultivars were -20°C at the 1st phenological stage and — 10°C and -15°C at the 3rd phenological stage.

Keywords:

cuttings, grapes, phenology, temperature, cultivars, frost resistance,

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