Ümit POLAT, Meltem ÇETİN, ABDULLAH YALÇIN

Yüksek verimli süt ineklerinde laktasyonunun çeşitli evrelerinde kandaki bazı biyokimyasal parametreler ile süt verimi arasındaki ilişkiler

Bu çalışmada, laktasyonun çeşitli evrelerindeki ineklerin metabolik profilleri ile süt verimleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Materyal olarak Karacabey Doğancı Çiftliğinde bulunan 60 adet sağlıklı, 4 yaşlı, Holstein ırkı süt ineği kullanıldı. Laktasyon döneminin 48-51., 147-161. ve 180. ve sonraki günleri sırasıyla erken, orta ve geç laktasyon evresi olarak değerlendirildi. Her laktasyon evresindeki 20'şer inekten alınan kan örneğinde glukoz, kolesterol, toplam lipit, toplam protein, albumin, globulin, kreatinin, magnezyum (Mg), kalsiyum (Ca), inorganik fosfor (İP) düzeyleri ve aspartat aminotransferaz (AST) ve alanin aminotransferaz (ALT) enzim aktiviteleri belirlendi. Bu parametreler erken, orta ve geç laktasyon evrelerinde sırasıyla 52.70, 48.35 ve 47.65 mg/dl; 215.00, 238.75 ve 227.75 m g/d I ; 561.50, 512.30 ve 373.95 mg/dl; 7.63, 6.69 ve 6.14 g/dl; 3.40, 3.84 ve 3.65 g/dl; 4.52, 4.23 ve 4.19 g/dl; 0.99, 1.02 ve 1.01 mg/dl; 2.58, 2.76 ve 2.68 mg/dl; 9.69, 10.36 ve 9.88 mg/dl; 6.53, 6.14 ve 5.89 mg/dl; 74.05, 75.30 ve 67.21 U/1; 31.40, 41.05 ve 38.20 U/1 olarak saptandı. İstatistiksel incelemede erken laktasyonda kolesterol (p

Anahtar Kelimeler:

metabolizma, inek, kan parametreleri, laktasyon dönemi, sığır, süt verimi, enzim aktivitesi, biyokimyasal parametreler

The relations between some biochemical blood parameters and milk yield during various lactation stages in high-yielding dairy cows

In the present study, it was aimed to determine the correlation between the metabolic profiles and milk yield of the cows at various lactation stages. Sixty healthy, four years old Holstein dairy cows bred in Karacabey Doğancı Farm were used as material. Between the days 48-51., 147-161., and 180. and over of lactation period were accepted as the early, middle and late lactation stage, respectively. In the blood samples taken from 20 animals in each stage, glucose, total cholesterol, total lipid, total protein, albumin, globulin, creatinine, magnessium (Mg), calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphorus (IP) concentrations and aspartate aminotranspherase (AST) and alanine aminotranspherase (ALT) activities were determined. These parameters were found at the early, middle and late lactation stages as 52.70, 48.35 ve 47.65 mg/dl; 215.00, 238.75 ve 227.75 mg/dl; 561.50, 512.30 ve 373.95 mg/dl; 7.63, 6.69 ve 6.14 g/dl; 3.40, 3.84 ve 3.65 g/dl; 4.52, 4.23 ve 4.19 g/dl; 0.99, 1.02 ve 1.01 mg/dl; 2.58, 2.76 ve 2.68 mg/dl; 9.69, 10.36 ve 9.88 mg/dl; 6.53, 6.14 ve 5.89 mg/dl; 74.05, 75.30 ve 67.21 U/l; 31.40, 41.05 ve 38.20 U/l respectively.According to the statistical analyses, the correlation was determined between milk yield, and cholesterol (p<0.01), and magnessium (p<0.05) levels at early lactation stage; total lipid (p<0.05) and creatinine (p<0.05) levels at the middle lactation stage; cholesterol (p<0.001), total lipid (p<0.001) and magnessium (p<0.01) levels at the late lactation stage. In conclusion, it was seen that some biochemical parameters could be affected by milk yield in the cows of various lactation stages.

Keywords:

metabolism, cows, blood parameters, lactation stage, cattle, milk yield, enzyme activity, biochemical parameters,

PDF

___

1. ALPAN O, ARPACIK R. Sığır Yetiştiriciliği, Şahin Matbaası, Ankara, 155-197, 1996.

2. ARPACIK R. Sığır Yetiştiriciliği, U.Ü. Basımevi, Bursa, 44-53, 1982.

3. AVIDAR Y, DAVIDSON M, ISRAELI B, BOGIN E. Factors affecting the levels of blood constituents of Israeli dairy cows, Zbl. Vet. Med. A, 1981; 28: 373-380.

4. BATH DL, DICKINSON FN, TUCKER HA, APPLEMAN RD. Dairy Cattle Principles, Practices, Problems, Profits, Second Edition, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 169-365, 1978.

5. BLOWEY RW, WOOD DW, DAVIS JR. A nutritional monitoring system for dairy herds based on blood glucose, urea, and albumin levels, Vet. Rec., 1973; 92: 691-696.

6. BLUM JW, KUNZ P, LEUENBERGER H, GAUTSCHI K, KELLER M. Thyroid hormones, blood plasma metabolites and haematological parameters in relationship to milk yield in dairy cows, Anim. Prod., 1983; 36: 93-104.

7. CAN R, YILMAZ K, ERKAL N. Primer ketozisli süt ineklerinin bazı kan özellikleri ve sağıtımı üze rinde klinik araştırmalar, A. Ü. Vet. Fak. Derg., 1987; 34 (3): 433-448.

8. CHIESA F, GAIANI R, FORMIGONI A, ACCORSI PA. Hormonal and metabolic variations in high-yielding dairy cows during the dry period and lactation. Archivo Veterinario Italiano, 1991; 42 (4): 157-179.

9. CLARENBURG R. Physiological Chemistry of Domestic Animals, Mosby-Year Book Inc., London, 431, 1992.

10. COLES EM. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Fourth Edition, W.B. Saunders Company, London, 115- 170, 1986.

11. DUBREUIL P, LAPIERRE H. Biochemistry reference values for Quebec lactating dairy cows, nursing sows, growing pigs and calves, Can. J. Vet. Res., 1997; 61: 235-239.

12. GUEORGUIEVA TM, GUEORGUIEVA IP. Se rum cholesterol concentration around parturition and in early lactation in dairy cows. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire, 1997; 148 (3): 241-244.

13. KAMPL B, MARTINCIC T, CATINELLI M, SUSNJIC M. Profiles of selected biochemical blood parameters in dairy cows during gravidity and lactation and their influence on milk production and reproductive efficiency. I. Total lipids and total cholesterol and its fractions in blood. Veterinarski Arhiv., 1990; 60 (6): 293-305.

14. KAMPL B, MARTINCIC T, ALLEGRO A, CATINELLI M, SUSNJIC M. Profiles of selected blood biochemical parameters in dairy cows and their influence on milk production and reproductive efficiency. II. Activity of transaminases (AST and ALT) and calcium and inorganicphosphorus levels in blood. Veterinarski Arhiv., 1991; 61 (4): 197-206.

15. KANEKO JJ. Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. Academic Press, London, 1989.

16. KARAGÜL H, ALTINTAŞ A, FİDANCI UR, SEL T. Temel Biyokimya Uygulamaları, Medisan Yayın Serisi:38, Birinci Baskı, Medisan, Ankara, 187-188, 1999.

17. KWEON OK, ONO H, OSASA K, ONDA M, OBOSHI K, UCHISUGI H, KUROSAWA S, YAMASHINA H, KANAGAWA H. Factors affecting serum total cholesterol level of lactating Holstein cows, Jpn. J. Vet. Sci., 1986; 48 (3): 481- 486.

18. LARSON LL, MABRUCK HS, LAWRY SR. Relationship between early postpartum blood composition and reproductive performance in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci., 1980; 63 (2): 283-289.

19. MEHTA SN, GANGWAR PC. Effect of seasons on the concentration of blood plasma cholesterol and free fatty acids in lactating buffaloes, Indian J. Anim. Sci., 1985; 55(7): 590-595.

20. NİZAMLIOĞLU M, KURTOĞLU F. Laboratuvar Çözeltileri ve Pratik Biyokimya. S. Ü. Vet. Fak. Yayınları, Konya, 1997.

21. ÖZDAMAR K. Paket Programları ile İstatistiksel Veri Analizi. Kaan Kitabevi. Eskişehir, 1999.

22. RAJORA VS, PACHAURI SP, GUPTA GC. Blood profiles in dairy animals of different lactations and productivity. Ind. J. Dairy Sci., 1997; 50 (5):388-392.

23. ROWLANDS GJ. Week to week variation in blood composition of dairy cows and its effect on interpretations of metabolic profile tests, Br. Vet. J., 1984; 140 (6): 550-557.

24. SETIA MS, DUGGAL RS, SINGH R. Biochemical constituents of blood in buffaloes and cows during late pregnancy and different stages of lactation. Buffalo Journal. 1992; 8 (2): 123-129.

25. ŞEKER Y, ÜNSÜREN H. Yüksek süt verimli total kan keton cisimleri, serum glukoz, kalsiyum, inor ganik fosfor, magnezyum düzeylerindeki değişik likler ve klinik belirtiler. Doğa-Tr. J. Vet. And A nim. Sci., 1989; 13 (3): 372-383.

26. ŞEKERDEN Ö, ÖZKÜTÜK K. Büyükbaş Hayvan Yetiştirme, Ç. Ü. Zir. Fak. Ders Kitabı, 122, Ç.Ü. Ofset Atölyesi, Adana, 62-69, 1995.

27. YILMAZ K, CAN R. Laktasyondaki ineklerin bazı kan özelliklerinin araştırılması, Doğa-Tr. J. Vet. and Anim. Sci., 1992; 16: 259-267.