Plastik Birleştirme Yöntemleri: Ultrasonik ve Vibrasyon Kaynağı

Plastik kaynak, kalıplanamayan ve parçanın iç çaplardakeskin bir şekilde değişmesi ya gibi karmaşık bir geometriye sahip parçaların üretimi için yaygın bir yöntemdir. Süreç seri üretime uygundur, ucuzdur ve otomotiv gereksinimlerini karşılamaktadır. Karmaşık geometrilerin kalıplanabilirliğinden dolayı, proses otomotiv endüstrisinin sıfır emisyon hedefine yardımcı olmaktadır. Termostat, su pompası vb. gibi motor parçalarının çoğu tek parça olarak kalıplanamaz. Bu motor bileşenleri, plastik kaynaklama yardımıyla üretilir ve otomobilin ağırlığını azaltarak, yakıt verimliliğini artırır. Özellikle elektrikli araçlarda plastik kaynak teknolojisi daha önemli hale gelmiştir, çünkü metalden plastiğe geçiş, aracın ağırlığının azaltılmasında önemli bir role sahiptir. Polimer özelliklerine ve parça geometrisine göre kaynak yönteminin seçilmesi, uygulama alanı için en önemli faktörlerdir. Tüm kaynak yöntemleri temel olarak parçaların kaynak yüzeylerinin yeniden eritilmesine ve basınç altında birleştirilmesine dayanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, vibrasyon ve ultrasonik kaynak yöntemleri incelenmiştir. Her iki prosesin en etkili parametreleri tartışılmış ve belirtilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

vibrasyon kaynağı, ultrasonik kaynağı, termoplastik, kaynak mukavemeti

PLASTIC JOINING METHODS: ULTRASONIC AND VIBRATION WELDING

Plastic welding is a common method for manufacturing parts that can’t be molded and has a complex geometry such as the part that has undercuts. The process is suitable for mass production, cheap and meets automotive requirements. The process helps the zero-emission target of the automotive industry, due to the biggest obstacle of the plastic use in this sector was the moldability of the complex geometries. Most of the engine parts such as thermostat, water pump etc. can’t be molded as one piece. These engine components are manufactured by helping the plastic welding and decrease the weight of the automobile, therefore, improving fuel efficiency. Plastic welding technology has become more important especially in electrical vehicles, because metal to plastic replacement has a significant role in decreasing the weight of the vehicle. Selecting the welding method according to the polymer properties and the geometry of parts are the most important factors for the application area. All of the welding methods are basically based on the remelting of the welding surfaces of the parts and the consolidation of them under the pressure. In this paper, the vibration welding and the ultrasonic welding methods have been inspected. The most effective parameters of both processes have been discussed and shown.

Keywords:

The vibration welding, the ultrasonic welding, thermoplastics, weld strength,

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