Molehiya (Corchorus olitorius L.) Tohumlarındaki Dormansi Probleminin Çözümüne Yönelik Araştırma

Bu araştırmada; lif bitkisi ve tıbbi bitki olarak kullanımının yanı sıra, sebze olarak da tüketim değeri olan molehiya (Corchorus olitorius L.) bitkisinin tohumlarında, dormansiyi kırmak için farklı tohum uygulamalarının çimlenme ve çıkış üzerine etkisi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla sterilizasyonu yapılan tohumlara; kaynayan su (95 ºC; 10 ve 30 saniye, 1, 5 ve 10 dakika), sıcak su (80 ºC; 5, 10, 15 ve 20 dakika), sülfürik asit (% 98’lik; 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 ve 30 dakika) ve ön soğutma uygulamaları (4ºC; 2, 3 ve 4 gün) yapılmıştır. Denemeler; laboratuvar ortamında, 4 tekerrürlü ve her tekerrürde 50 tohum olacak şekilde tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre yürütülmüştür. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; çimlenme oranı % 0.00-97.00, ortalama çimlenme süresi 0.00-3.98 gün, çimlenme indeksi 0.00-46.89, çıkış oranı % 0.00-82.00, ortalama çıkış süresi 0.00-7.52 gün, çıkış indeksi 0.00-18.70, hipokotil boyu 0.00-1.79 cm ve kökçük boyu ise 0.00-4.28 cm arasında değişim göstermiştir. Çimlenme ve çıkış parametreleri bakımından en başarılı uygulamalar; ön soğutma, sülfürik asit (5 ve 10 dakika) ve kaynayan su (95 ºC, 10 saniye) uygulamaları olmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda, Corchorus olitorius L. tohumlarında dormansiyi ortadan kaldırmada, ekimden önce tohumların 2 gün süreyle nemli ortamda soğukta (4 ºC) bekletilmesinin pratikte de rahatlıkla uygulanabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Corchorus olitorius L., tohum, çimlenme, hipokotil, kökçük

Research on Overcoming the Dormancy Problem of Molekhia (Corchorus olitorius L.) Seeds

In this study, the effect of different seed applications on germination and emergence in order to break dormancy of the seeds of molekhia (Corchorus olitorius L.) which is used as fiber, medicinal plant and consumed as a vegetable, was investigated. For this purpose, sterilized seeds were exposed to boiling water (95 ºC; 10 and 30 seconds, 1, 5 and 10 minutes), hot water (80 ºC; 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes), sulfuric acid (98%; 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes) and pre-cooling (4 ºC; 2, 3 and 4 days) treatments. The experiments were carried out according to randomized blocks trial design with 4 replications and 50 seeds per replicate. According to results obtained, germination rate 0.00-97.00%, average germination time 0.00-3.98 days, germination index 0.00-46.89, emergence rate 0.00-82.00%, average emergence time 0.00-7.52 days, emergence index 0.00-18.70, hypocotyl length 0.00-1.79 cm and radicle length values varied between 0.00 and 4.28 cm. The most successful treatments in terms of germination and emergence parameters were pre-chilling, sulfuric acid (for 5 and 10 minutes) and boiled water (at 95 ºC for 10 seconds) applications. As a result of the study, in order to remove the dormancy from the Corchorus olitorius L. seeds, treatment of the seeds with pre-cooling (4 ºC for 2 days) in a humid environment before sowing would be easily practiced.

Keywords:

Corchorus olitorius L., seed, germination, hypocotyl, radicle,

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