Prusias ad Hypium (Konuralp) Antik Kenti, Düzce (Türkiye)'deki toprak nematodların biyolojik çeşitliliği ve dağılımı

Bu çalışmada, 2021 yılında Düzce İli (Türkiye) Prusias (Konuralp) Antik Kenti ve çevresinde yaşayan toprak nematodlarının çeşitliliği ve yayılışları araştırılmıştır. 17 familya, 25 cins ve 30 türe ait toplam 1.388 birey tespit edilmiştir. Örnek alınan alanlara göre nematod çeşitliliği (tür zenginliği) ve nematod sayısı, düşük insan etkisinin gözlemlendiği yerlerde maksimum sayıya ulaştığı, habitatlar arası yakın ilişkili bir dağılım göstermiştir. Tüm örnekleme alanlarında bakterivor nematodlar (%53) nematod topluluğuna sayıca hakimdir. Bakterivor nematodları sayıca omnivor nematodlar (%31,6), bitki paraziti nematodlar (%6), fungivor nematodlar (%4,8) ve predatör nematodlar (%4,6) takip etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Topluluk analizi, dağılım, ekoloji, habitat

Biodiversity and distribution of soil nematodes at surroundings of the ancient city of Prusias ad Hypium, Konuralp, Düzce (Türkiye)

The diversity and distribution of soil nematodes were studied in Prusias ad Hypium (Konuralp) Ancient City, Düzce (Türkiye) in 2021. A total of 1.388 individuals were discovered within 17 families, 25 genera and 30 species. Species richness and the nematode abundance show closely related distribution at each ecological characteristic and the number of species reaches a maximum where low disturbance of soil is observed. Nematodes feeding with bacteria are dominating the total community (53%) in all sampling sites, followed by omnivorous (31.6%), plant parasitic (6%), fungivorous (4.8%) and predatory nematodes (4.6%).

Keywords:

Community analysis, distribution, ecology, habitat,

PDF

___

Andrássy, I., 2002. “Free-Living Nematodes from the Fertő-Hanság National Park, Hungary, 21-97”. In: The Fauna of The Fertő-Hanság National Park, Budapest, Hungary (Ed. S. Mahunka), 829 pp.
Andrássy, I., 2005. Free-Living Nematodes of Hungary, I (Nematoda Errantia). Hungarian Natural History Museum and Systematic Zoology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Science, Budapest, Hungary, 518 pp.
Andrássy, I., 2009. Free-Living Nematodes of Hungary (Nematoda Errantia), Vol. III. Hungary, Hungarian Natural History Museum, 608 pp.
Baermann, G., 1917. Eine einfache methode zur auffindung von Ancylostomum (Nematoden) larven in Erdproben. Geneeskd Tijdschr Ned Indie, 57: 131-137 (in German).
Bongers, T. & H. Ferris, 1999. Nematode community structure as a bioindicator in environmental monitoring. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 14 (6): 224-228.
Bongers, T., 1990. The maturity index: an ecological measure of environmental disturbance based on nematode species composition. Oecologia, 83 (1):14-19.
Bongers, T. & R. G. M de Goede, 2001. A framework for soil food web diagnostics: extension of the nematode faunal analysis concept. Applied Soil Ecology, 18 (1): 13-29.
Bongers, T., H. van der Meulen & G. Korthals, 1997. Inverse relationship between the nematode maturity index and plant parasite index under enriched nutrient conditions. Applied Soil Ecology, 6 (2): 195-199.
De Ley, P. & M. Blaxter, 2005. A new system for Nematoda: combining morphological characters with molecular trees, and translating clades into ranks and taxa. Nematology Monographs & Perspectives, 2 (1): 633-653.
Demirsoy, A., 1998. Yaşamın Temel Kuralları: Omurgalılar. Meteksan, Ankara, Volume I, Part II, 830 pp (in Turkish).
Ferris, H. & T. Bongers, 2009. “Indices for Analysis of Nematode Assemblages, 124-145”. In: Nematodes as Environmental Bioindicators (Eds. M. Wilson & T. Kakouli-Duarte). CABI, Wallingford, USA, 352 pp.
Ferris, H., T. Bongers & R. G. de Goede, 2001. A framework for soil food web diagnostics: extension of the nematode faunal analysis concept. Applied Soil Ecology, 18 (1): 13-29.
Hodda, M., A. Ocana & W. Traunspurger, 2006. “Nematodes from Fresh Water Habitats, 179-211”. In: Freshwater Nematodes: Ecology and Taxonomy (Eds. E. Abebe, I. Andrássy & W. Traunspurger). CABI, Wallingford, USA, 752 pp.
Hugot, J. P., P. Baujard & S. Morand, 2001. Biodiversity in helminths and nematodes as a field of study: an overview. Nematology, 3 (3): 199-208.
Imren, M., Ş. Yıldız, E. Kasapoğlu, H. Toktay, H. Kütük & A. A. Dababat, 2015. “The plant-parasitic nematodes associated with cereal crops In Bolu, Turkey, 131-140”. Proceedings of the Nematodes of Small Grain Cereals: Current Status and Research, Fifth International Cereal Nematode Initiative Workshop (12-15 September 2015, Ankara, Turkey), (Eds. A. A. Dababat, H. Muminjanov & R. W. Smiley), Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations, Ankara, Turkey, 384 pp.
Lee, D. L., 2002. The Biology of Nematodes. CRC Press, 338 pp.
Schnürer, J., M. Clarholm, S. Boström & T. Rosswall, 1986. Effects of moisture on soil microorganisms and nematodes: a field experiment. Microbial Ecology, 12 (2): 217-230.
Sieriebriennikov, B., H. Ferris & R. G. M. de Goede, 2014. NINJA: An automated calculation system for nematode-based biological monitoring. European Journal of Soil Biology, 61 (1): 90-93.
Stamou, G. P., E. M. Papatheodorou, A. Hovardas & M. D. Argyropoulou, 2005. Some structural and functional characteristics of a soil nematode community from a Mediterranean grassland. Belgian Journal of Zoology, 135 (2): 253-259.
Wilson, M. J. & T. Khakouli-Duarte, 2009. Nematodes as Environmental Indicators. CABI, USA, 326 pp.
Yeates, G. W. & A. F. Bird, 1994. Some observations on the influence of agricultural practices on the nematode faunae of some South Australian soils. Fundamental & Applied Nematology, 17 (2): 133-145.
Yeates, G. W., T. Bongers, R. G. M. De Goede, D. W. Freckman & S. S. Georgieva, 1993. Feeding habits in soil nematode families and genera-an outline for soil ecologists. Journal of Nematology, 25 (3): 315-331.
Yeates, G., 2007. Abundance, diversity, and resilience of nematode assemblages in forest soils. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 37 (2): 216-225.
Yıldız, Ş., G. Emine, Ö. Göksel & M. İmren, 2021. Investigations on soil nematode diversity in three contrasting habitat types in Bolu, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Entomology, 45 (4): 451-461.
Yoder, M., I. T. De Ley, I. Wm King, M. Mundo-Ocampo, J. Mann, M. Blaxter, L. Poiras & P. De Ley, 2006. DESS: a versatile solution for preserving morphology and extractable DNA of nematodes. Nematology, 8 (3): 367-376.
Zhang, M., W. J. Liang & X. K. Zhang, 2012. Soil nematode abundance and diversity in different forest types at Changbai Mountain, China. Zoological Studies, 51 (5): 619-626.