Obezitenin Doğum Evreleri Üzerine Etkisi ve Perinatal Sonuçların İncelenmesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, obez gebelerin prognoz takibine göre perinatal sonuçlarının değerlendirilerek obezitenin doğum evreleri üzerine olan etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Ekim 2021 ile Mayıs 2022 arası kadın hastalıkları ve doğum kliniğine başvuran obezite tanılı 90 gebe çalışma grubunu, normal kilolu 90 gebe ise kontrol grubunu oluşturdu. Doğum evreleri her iki grup için Evre-1, Evre-2, Evre-3 ve Evre- 4 olarak ayrıldı. Kayıt altına alınan parametrelerin gruplar arasındaki karşılaştırılmasında Mann Whitney testi uygulandı. Kategorik verilerin kıyaslanmasında Ki-kare testi yapıldı. İstatistiksel testlerde p<0,05 anlamlı olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Obez grupta Evre-2 anlamlı şekilde uzarken (15-49 dk) (p<0,001) latent fazın kısaldığı saptandı(3.3-4.6 dk) (p<0,001). İlk gebeliği olanlarda Evre-2’nin obez olanlarda anlamlı şekilde uzun olduğu görüldü (33-49 dk) (p<0,001). İkinci gebeliği olan obez hastalarda Evre-2 anlamlı olarak uzun (20-41 dk) (p<0,001), aktif fazın ise kısa olduğu (4.1-4.6 saat)(p=0,012) tespit edildi. Üçüncü gebeliği olan obez gebelerde Evre-2 anlamlı olarak uzun (15-25 dk) (p<0,001), aktif faz ise anlamlı olarak kısa bulundu (4.1-4.5 saat) (p=0,003). Sonuç: Doğumun ikinci evresi nullipar ve multipar obez gebelerde, normal kilolu gebelere göre uzundur. Ayrıca multipar hastalarda doğumun birinci evresinde aktif faz obez gebelerde normal kilolu gebelere göre kısadır. Genel olarak ise doğumun birinci evresindeki latent faz obez gebelerde normal kilolu gebelere göre kısalmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Obezite, perinatal sonuçlar, doğumun evreleri.

The Effect of Obesity on Birth Stages and Examination of Perinatal Outcomes

Aim: It is to evaluate the perinatal outcomes of pregnant women diagnosed with obesity by following their prognosis and to examine the effects of obesity on birth stages. Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 90 pregnant women who were diagnosed with obesity and applied to the obstetrics and gynecology clinic of our hospital between October 2021 and May 2022, and 90 pregnant women with normal weight constituted the control group. The birth stages were divided into stage of delivery, Stage-1, Stage-2, Stage-3 and Stage-4 for both groups. Comparisons between recorded parameters were made between groups. Mann Whitney test was used to compare the groups. Chi-square test was used to compare categorical data. In statistical tests, p<0.05 was accepted as significant. Results: In the obese group, Stage-2 was significantly prolonged (15-49 min) (p<0.001), while the latent phase was shortened (3.3-4.6 min) (p<0.001). It was observed that Stage-2 was significantly longer in those who had their first pregnancy (33-49 min) (p<0.001). In obese patients with a second pregnancy, Stage-2 was found to be significantly longer (20-41 min) (p<0.001), while the active phase was found to be short (4.1-4.6 hours) (p=0.012). In obese pregnants with their third pregnancy, Stage-2 was found to be significantly longer (15-25 minutes) (p<0.001), while the active phase was found to be significantly short (4.1-4.5 hours) (p=0.003). Conclusion: The 2nd stage of labor is longer in nulliparous and multiparous obese pregnant than in normal weight pregnants. In addition, the active phase in the first stage of labor in multiparous patients is shorter in obese pregnants than in normal weight pregnants. In general, the latent phase in the first stage of labor is shortened in obese pregnants compared to normal weight pregnants

Keywords:

Obesity, Perinatal outcomes, Stages of birth,

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