Okul Öncesi Çocuklarda Beslenme Şekli ile Kırma Kusurları Arasındaki İlişki

Amaç: 3-6 yaş arası okul öncesi çocuklarda sadece anne sütü alımı ile anne sütü ve formula mamanın birlikte alımının kırma kusurları üzerine etkisini karşılaştırmak. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 88 çocuğun yüz yetmiş altı gözü değerlendirildi. Beslenme şekline göre sadece anne sütü ile beslenenler Grup 1, anne sütü ve formula mama ile beslenenler Grup 2 olarak sınıflandırıldı. Sonuçlar geriye dönük olarak gruplar arasında karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 40’ı (%45.5) erkek, 48’i (%54.5) kız olmak üzere toplam 88 çocuğun 176 gözü dâhil edildi. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen çocukların %27.3’ünün (n=24) anne doğum yaşı 30 yaşın üzerinde ve %96.6’sının (n=85) doğum ağırlığı 2500 gramın üzerindeydi. Sferik, silendirik ve sferik eşdeğer (SE) değerlerinin ortalama ± standart sapması sırasıyla grup I’de 1.61±1.46 D; -0.98 ±0.69 D, 1.12±1.43 D ve grup II’de 1.00±2.57 D; -0.90±0.81 D ve 0.55 ±2.72 D’di (Sferik için p=0.507; silendirik için p=0.299 ve SE için p=0.799). Anne sütü alan grupta miyopik kırılma daha az olmasına rağmen, gruplar arasında miyop kırma kusuru açısından anlamlı bir fark yoktu. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, ortalama kırma kusurları beslenme şekline göre farklıydı, ancak bu çalışmada gruplar arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı (p<0.050). Daha büyük örneklem büyüklükleri ile daha fazla çalışma yaparak bu bulguyu doğrulamaya ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Anne sütü, emzirme, kırma kusurları, okul öncesi

The Relationship Between Feeding Pattern and Measurements of Refraction in Preschool Children

Objective: To compare the effect of feeding human milk as opposed to formula and human milk on refractive error in preschool children aged 3 to 6 years. Material and Methods: One hundred and seventy six eyes of 88 children were evaluated. According to the feeding pattern, the patients who fed only breast-fed were classified as Group I, and the patients who fed with combination of breast-fed and formula were classified as Group II. Results were retrospectively compared between groups. Results: A total of 88 children undergone detailed ophthalmological examinations, of which 40 (45.5 %) were males and 48 (54.5 %) were females. Maternal birth age of 27.3% (n=24) of the children included in the study was over 30 years and birth weight of 96.6% (n=85) was over 2500 grams. The mean ± standard deviation of the spherical, cylindrical and spherical equivalent (SE) values were 1.61±1.46 D; -0.98 ± 0.69 D and 1.12±1.43 D in group I and 1.00±2.57 D; -0.90 ± 0.81 D and 0.55 ± 2.72 D in group II, respectively (p=0.507 for spherical; p=0.299 for cylindrical and p=0.799 for SE). Although myopic refraction was less common in the breastfed group, there was no significant difference in myopic refraction between the groups (p= 0.507). Conclusion: In conclusion, mean refractive error were different according to feeding pattern, but this study did not show significant differences between groups (p<0.050). There is a need to confirm this finding by performing more studies with a larger sample sizes.

Keywords:

Breastfeeding, human milk, preschooler, refractive errors,

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