OSMANLI MAKEDONYASI’NDA ŞİDDET VE NİSAN 1903 OLAYLARI

Selanik’inde meydana gelen bir dizi olayı tartışılmaktadır. Makalede 1903 yılının

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Selanik, Makedonya, siyasi şiddet, eylemle propaganda

VIOLENCE IN OTTOMAN SALONICA: EVENTS IN APRIL 1903

This paper discusses a series of events that took place in Ottoman Salonica at thebeginning of the twentieth century within the context of the Macedonian issue.The article points out that the year 1903 was one of the most sensitive years ofthe late Ottoman Empire. After the establishment of the Bulgarian Exarchate, theInternal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization was established in Salonicafor the purpose of establishing of an autonomous Macedonian state. At thebeginning of the twentieth century, the battle between the Bulgarian and Greekpartisans spread throughout the region. Some anarchists that had branched offfrom the Macedonian revolutionary movement have blown up various places inSalonica. The main objective of study is to focus on political violence affectingthe city in 1903. It argues that the political violence in Ottoman Salonica hada great impact on the transformation of urban structure as well as altering therelationship between the city and the Ottoman state.

Keywords:

Salonica, Macedonia, political violence, propaganda by deed,

PDF

___

ADANIR, Fikret, Makedonya Sorunu, (çev. İhsan Catay), Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, İstanbul, 1996.
ANASTASSIADOU, Meropi, Tanzimat Çağında Bir Osmanlı Şehri: Selanik (1830- 1912), çev. Işık Ergüden, Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, İstanbul, 1998.
AYDIN, Mahir, “Bulgaristan Komiserliği”, Türk Tarih Belgeleri Dergisi, C. XVII, 1997, s. 71-125.
BAER, Marc, The Dönme: Jewish Converts, Muslim Revolutionaries and Secular Turks, Standford: Standford University Press, 2009.
BURKE III, Edmund, “Akdeniz Modernitesinin Derin Yapıları”, içinde Kolluoğlu, Toksöz (der.), Osmanlılardan Günümüze Doğu Akdeniz Kentleri, s. 243-250.
DIMITRIADIS, Sotirios, “Transforming a Late-Ottoman Port-City: Salonica, 1876- 1912”, içinde Pascal W. Firges, Tobias P. Graf, Christian Roth, Gülay Tulasoğlu (der.), Well-Connected Domains: Towards an Entangled Ottoman History, Brill, Leiden, 2014.
DIMITRIADIS, Sotirios, “Selanik Tramvayı, 1886-1912”, Toplumsal Tarih, No. 248 Ağustos 2014, s. 72-77.
DRIESSEN, Hans, “Mediterranean Port Cities: Cosmopolitanism Reconsidered”, History and Anthropology, C. 16, 2005, s. 129-141.
DUMONT, Paul ve Georgeon, François (der.), Modernleşme Sürecinde Osmanlı Kentleri, Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, İstanbul, 1999.
FAWAZ, Leila, Merchants and Migrants in Nineteenth-Century Beirut Cambridge Universty Press, Cambridge, 1983.
FREITAG, Ulrike, Fuhrman, Malte, Lafi, Nora ve Riedler, F. (der.), The City in the Ottoman Empire: Migration and the Making of Urban Modernity, Routledge, London ve New York, 2011.
FREITAG, Ulrike, Fuccaro, Nelida, Ghrawi, Claudia ve Lafi, Nora (der), Urban Violence in the Middle East, Berhahn Books, New York, 2015.
FUCCARO, Nelida (der.), Violence and the City, Standford: Standford University Press, 2016.
FUHRMAN, Malte ve Kechriotis, Vangelis, “The Late Ottoman Port-Cities and Their Inhabitants: Subjectivity, Urbanity, and Conflicting Orders”, Mediterranean Historical Review, C. 24, No. 2 (Aralık 2009), s. 71-78.
GOFFMAN, Daniel, Masters, Bruce ve Eldem, Edhem, The Ottoman City between East and West: Aleppo, İzmir and İstanbul, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999.
HACISALİHOĞLU, Mehmet, Jön Türkler ve Makedonya Sorunu (1890-1918), (çev. İhsan Catay), Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, İstanbul, 2008.
HANSSEN, Jens, Fin de Siécle Beirut: The Making of an Ottoman Provincial Capital Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2005.
KARAKASIDOU, Anastasia N., Buğday Tarlaları Kan Tepeleri: Yunan Makedonyasında Millet Olma Aşamasına Geçiş Süreçleri, 1870-1990, (çev. Nurettin ElHüseyni), İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, İstanbul, 2010.
KASABA, Reşat, The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy: The Nineteenth Century, Albany. State University of New York, 1988.
KEYDER, Çağlar, Özveren, Eyüp, Quataert, Donald (der.) “Port-cities of the Eastern Mediterranean, 1800-1914”, Review xvi/4 (1993).
KIRMIZI, Abdülhamit, Makedonya1903, https://www.academia.edu/14741025/Makedonya_1903.
KOLLUOĞLU, Biray, Toksöz, Meltem (der.), Osmanlılardan Günümüze Doğu Akdeniz Kentleri, çev. Neyyir Berktay, Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, İstanbul, 2010.
LEVY, Noemi, Toumarkine, Alexandre (der.), Osmanlı’da Asayiş, Suç ve Ceza, 18.- 19. Yüzyıllar, Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, İstanbul, 2005.
MAZOWER, Mark, Selanik: Hayaletler Şehri, Hıristiyanlar, Müslümanlar ve Yahudiler, (Çev. Gül Çağalı Güven), Yapı Kredi Yayınları, İstanbul, 2007.
ÖZDEMİR, Bülent, Ottoman Reforms and Social Life: Reflections from Salonica, 1830-1850, Isis Press, İstanbul, 2003.
PERRY, Duncan, The Politics of Terror: The Macedonian Liberation Movements, 1893-1903, Duke University Press, Durham and London, 1998.
STAMATOPOULOS, Dimitris, “The Bulgarian Schism Revisited”, Modern Greek Studies Yearbook 24/25 (2008-2009), s. 105-125.
STAMATOPOULOS, Dimitris, “Orthodox Ecumenicity and the Bulgarian Schism”, Etudes Balkaniques, LI/1, 2015, s. 70-86.
TÜRKER, Orhon, “Selanik’te 28-29 Nisan 1903 Olayları”, Tarih ve Toplum Aylık Ansiklopedik Dergi, Şubat 1999, C. 31, S. 182, s. 27-30.
YILMAZ, İlkay, Serseri, Anarşist ve Fesadın Peşinde: II. Abdülhamid Dönemi Güvenlik Politikaları Ekseninde Mürur Tezkereleri, Pasaportlar ve Otel Kayıtları, Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, İstanbul, 2014.
YOSMAOĞLU, İpek, Blood Ties: Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878-1908, Cornell University Press, Ithaca ve London, 2013.
ZANDİ-SAYEK, Sibel, Ottoman İzmir: The Rise of a Cosmopolitan Port, 1840-1880, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, 2012.