Samettin GÜNDÜZ, SEFA BULUT, Remzi YILDIRIM, Dinara RAYİMBEKOVA

KAZAK KADINLARIN TEK EBEVEYİNLİ AİLEYE BAKIŞI

Aile, " toplumun en küçük birimi" olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Tarihsel süreçte kutsallığı ve kurumsallığı ile vazgeçilmez öneme sahip sosyal bir birim olduğu dünyada kabul görmüştür. Ailenin vazgeçilmezliği grup ve toplumun devamını sağlayan bir mekanizmaya sahip olmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Böyle bir durum toplumda ailenin alternatifi olmadığını göstermektedir. Her toplumda farklı yapılanmış olsa da amaçları ve fonksiyonları açısından bakıldığında çok farklı sonuçların ortaya çıkmaması dikkat çekmektedir. Aile hayatındaki beklenmedik sorunların çözümüne yönelik karşılıklı anlayışın engellemektedir. Karşılaşılan zorluklar aşılamadığı için ailedeki çözülmeler boşanma sürecini etkinleştirmektedir. Boşananların ikinci evliliği yapmamaları veya yapamamaları nedeniyle tek ebeveynli aile yapısının ortaya çıkmasına, yaşam biçimine yeni aile biçimi olarak sosyolojik literatürde yerini almasına katkı sağlamıştır. Tek ebeveynli ailenin artışı birey ve toplumu olumsuz etkilediği için öncelikli olarak araştırma konusu seçilmiştir.

KAZAKH WOMEN'S POINT OF VIEWS OF SINGLE PARENT FAMILIES

Family is defined the "smallest unit of the society". During the history, family is always considered a scared and institutional social structure in all over the world. Family has the function of the continuation of the groups and society and it is viewed as an indispensable part of the social life. Because of that, there is no alternative structure or institution of family unit. Even tough family has different function and structure in every society, the basic roles and aims are not very much differed from one society to others. In family life, unaccepted problems may arise and the couples may have different views to approach them. When the problems are not solved and not reached a consensus, divorce may become an alternative solution. When the problems are not worked out effectively and solved then divorce may occur. After the divorce, some parents may chose to have a second marriage or some prefer to stay single. This new trend and life style become a new phenomenon in sociology literature and it is called "single parent families". The increasing number of single parent families are constituted a risk for social life; thus, the propose of this study is to investigate this phenomena in depth. In this study, divorced and single parent women, who are living in the city of Taras, in Kazakhstan, their views, are investigated in connection with their divorce, divorce process and single parenthood. The results revealed that, 46.80 % divorced in court process, 41.20 % married could has reached an agreement between them and divorced, 12 % left the home and finished the marriage. It is found that 45 % of divorced women did not or could not receive alimony or any financial support. Among them, 98 % of divorced women did not show their children to see their fathers. The result of this research shows that, single parent family structure is increasing in Talas, Kazakhstan. It seems that, in the long run, this may lead to some new social changes and new way of life. This can also cause a new social strata and new type of social problems.

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