EDİRNE MÜFTÜSÜ MEHMED FEVZÎ EFENDİ VE VESÎLE-İ SAÂDET ADLI ESERİ

Edirne Müftüsü Mehmed Fevzi Efendi 1826-1900 yılları arasında yaşamış Osmanlı dönemi sûfi-âlimlerinden biridir. Denizli-Tavas'ta dünyaya gelen müellif, Manisa'daki medrese tahsilinin akabinde Anadolu coğrafyası içinde ve dışında müftülük, müderrislik, nâiplik, kazaskerlik gibi önemli görevlerde bulunmuştur. Yetmiş beş yıl yaşayan ve yetmiş beş adet eser kaleme alan Mehmed Fevzi Efendi'nin Nakşî/Hâlidî/Mekkî koluna bağlı biri olduğu, ancak aktif anlamda tarikatla ilgilenmediği görülür. Konumuz olan ve edebiyatla ilgili Vesîle-i Saâdet adlı eserinde yazar, gerek Arapça gerekse Türkçe çalışmalarda insanların Allah ve Hz. Peygamber'den bahsederken hürmette kusur etmemeleri gerektiğini söylemiş, Allah ve Rasûlü'nün zat ve şereflerine uygun isim, sıfat ve tabirlerini bir araya toplamıştır. Mehmed Fevzi Efendi Arapça, Farsça ve Türkçe'den müteşekkil doksan sekiz cümle eşliğinde Hz. Peygamber'in farklı özelliklerini dile getirerek onu methetmiştir. Hz. Peygamber için kullandığı sıfatlar daha çok Ekberî geleneğin "Nûr-i Muhammedî" anlayışını yansıtmaktadır. Bu cümleden hareketle müellif Hz. Peygamber'i övmekte, âlemin yaratılış sebebi ve yaratılmışların en mükerremi olarak görmekte, onu diğer peygamberlerden üstün tutmakta ve habîbullah özelliğine dikkat çekmektedir. Hz. Peygamber'in ümmetine şefaatçi olacağı, büyük mucizeler meydana getirdiği, miraca çıktığı ve Allah'a çok yaklaştığını vurgular. Eser, sonundaki imzadan anlaşıldığı kadarıyla Fatih türbedârı Hacı Abdurrahman Hilmi tarafından istinsah edilmiştir. Bu haliyle Mehmed Fevzî Efendi'nin kaleme aldığı bu çalışma, hem akıcılığı, hem de içinde ihtiva ettiği mana ile edebî ve tasavvufî açıdan kazanımlarımıza önemli katkı sağlar niteliktedir. Bahse konu eserin trankripsiyonlu hali çalışma sonunda yer alacaktır

MASTER MEHMET FEVZİ – THE MUFTİ OF EDİRNE AND HIS WORK “VESÎLE-İ SAÂDET” (THE CONDUCIVE TO HAPPINESS)

The mufti of Edirne, Master Mehmet Fevzi, is a sufi scholar, who lived between 1826-1900 in Ottoman times. The author was born in Denizli-Tavas. After his education in Manisa, he worked in and outside Anatolia as mufti, teacher, nâiplik and military judge. He published seventy-five works in seventy-five years during his life. Although he was a follower of Naksî/Hâlidî/Mekkî, he was not active in mystic. The writer of “Vesîle-i Saâdet” want to tell in his Arabic and Turkish works, that the humans shouldn’t make mistake, when they talk about Allah and his prophet. He gathered the appropriate names and adjectives for Allah and his messenger. After that the author wrote about the prophet in his work “Esmâ-i Nebevî”. He wrote in ninetyseven sentences about the characteristic of Hz.Muhammed and praise him. The author praises the Prophet. He sees him as a basis of creation of the earth. He says that the prophet Muhammed is particularly as other prophets. The author points in his work to the adjective “beloved of Allah“. The author wrote, that the prophet will pray for his ummah and did big wonders at the earth and the prophet was at ascension and get very close to Allah. This work of Mehmed Fevzi Efendi is very important and useful for us, because of his art of literature. The transcription of the work “Vesîlei Saâdet” will be located at the end of this work. This work is about “Vesîle-i saâdet ta’birât-ı hasene-i esmâ-i ilâhiyye ve’n-nebeviyye”, which is the composition of “Esma-ı Ilâhî” and “Esmâ-ı Nebevî”. The Author says in his preface: “In Turkish and Arabic works people need to show respect when they talk about Allah and his prophet. It is not right to talk about them as if they were ordinary people. Because of that, I gathered the appropriate names and adjectives for Allah and his messenger.” Esma- Ilahi is an art of literature, where the names of Allah are written. EsmaI Nebevi is the name of the work, which include the names of prophet. Such works include the superiority, compassion, blessing and charity of the prophet. In his statement he says that no one can explain Allah and his prophet right. Nevertheless the human should not renounce to talk about them. The author has explain at first Esma-i Ilahi and then Esma-i Nebevi in his work. Master Mehmed Fevzi use the language Arabic, Persian and Turkish artfully together. In his work “Esmâ-i Ilâhî” the author wrote that Allah is the one, the absolute, the creator, the authority, the provider and the merciful. After that the author wrote about the prophet in his work “Esmâ-i Nebevî”. He wrote in ninetyseven sentences about the characteristic of Hz.Muhammed and praise him. The author praises the Prophet. He sees him as a basis of creation of the earth. He says that the prophet Muhammed is particularly as other prophets. The author points in his work to the adjective “beloved of Allah“. The author wrote, that the prophet will pray for his ummah and did big wonders at the earth and the prophet was at ascension and get very close to Allah. This work of Mehmed Fevzi Efendi is very important and useful for us, because of his art of literature

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