2015

Immunohistochemical distribution of platelet-derived growth factor-C and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α in small intestine of rats treated with capsaicin

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of capsaicin administration immunohistochemically on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-C and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-α release in the small intestine tissues of rats. Rats were divided into three groups: group 1 (subcutaneous drug administration), group 2 (oral drug administration), and group 3 (subcutaneous sham administration). Histometric measurements and counts were performed in order to determine whether there was a difference between groups in terms of height of villi, depth of crypts, and goblet cell count in small intestine. The small intestine was examined by Crossman s triple staining method and streptavidin-biotin peroxidase complex method. As a result of statistical analysis, it was found that body weight increased in group 3, while it decreased in groups 1 and 2. Capsaicin administration increased height of villi, depth of crypts, and count of goblet cells located on villi and crypts. Immunohistochemical examinations revealed that capsaicin administration increased PDGF-C and PDGFR-α release. It was concluded that capsaicin has a stimulatory effect on growth and is an enhancer for PDGF-C and PDGFR-α release.

PDF

___

1. Eshbaugh WH. A nomenclatural note on the genus Capsicum. Taxon 1968; 17: 5152.
2. Singh S, Natarajen K, Agrawall BB. Capsaicin (C8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) is potent inhibitor of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B activation by diverse agents. J Immunol 1996; 157: 44124420.
3. Surh YJ, Lee SS. Capsaicin, double-edged sword: toxicity, metabolism, and chemo preventive potential. Life Sci 1995; 56: 18451855.
4. Kawada T, Sakabe S, Watanabe T, Yamamato M, Iwai K. Some pungent principle of spices causes the adrenal medulla to secrete catecholamine in anesthetized rats. P Soc Exp Biol Med 1988; 188: 229233.
5. Kim JD, Kim JM, Pyo JO, Kim SY, Kim BS, Yu R, Han IS. Capsaicin can alter the expression of tumor forming-related genes which might be followed by induction of apoptosis of a Korean stomach cancer cell line SNU-1. Cancer Lett 1997; 120: 235241.
6. Deuel F. Polypeptide growth factors: roles in normal. Annu Rev Cell Biol 1987; 3: 443492.
7. Heldin CH, Westermark B. Mechanism of action and in vivo role of platelet-derived growth factor. Physiol Rev 1999; 79: 12831316.
8. Reigstad LJ, Varhauq JE, Lillehauq JR. Structural and functional specificities of PDGF-C and PDGF-D the novel members of the platelet-derived growth factor family. FEBS J 2005; 272: 57235741.
9. Bonthron DT, Morton CC, Orkin SH, Collins T. Platelet-derived growth factor A chain: Gene structure, chromosomal location and basis for alternative mRNA splicing. P Natl Acad Sci USA 1988; 85: 14921499.
10. Shure D, Senior RM, Griffin GL, Deuel TF. PDGF-AA homodimers are potent chemoattractants for fibro blast and neutrophils, and for monocytes activated by lymphocytes or cytokines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994; 186: 15101514.
11. Moran C, Morales L, Razo RS, Apolonio J, Quiroz U, Chavira R, Dominguez R. Effects of sensorial denervation induced by capsaicin injection at birth or on day three of life, on puberty, induced ovulation and pregnancy. Life Sci 2003; 73: 21132125.
12. Tütüncü S. Immunohistochemical expression of VR1 in ovaries of capsaicin treated rats during development. PhD, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey, 2009.
13. Kawada T, Hagihara KI, Iwai K. Effects of capsaicin on lipid metabolism in rats fed a high fat diet. J Nutr 1986; 116: 12721280.
14. Naponitaya W. Long-term effects of capsaicin on fat absorption and the growth of the rat. Growth 1973; 37: 269279.
15. Kim C, Robert AM, Joshua IG. Differences in the capsaicin-induced dilation of arterioles and venules in rat striated muscle. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 273: 605610.
16. Catala P, Garcia V, Orengo J, Madrid J, Hemandez F, Corpa J, Ortega J. Effect of plant extracts and chickens location on intestine mucosal morphology and ileal apparent digestibility of broilers. In: XXII Worlds Poultry Congress Book of Abstracts, İstanbul, Turkey, 2004. p. 456.
17. Erdoğan D, Hatiboğlu MT, Görgün M, Ilgaz C. Özel Histoloji. 1st ed. Ankara, Turkey: Hatipoğlu Publishers; 1996 (in Turkish).
18. Udupihille M. The effect of capsaicin on the small intestinal absorption of glucose and alanine in the rat. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1993; 37: 5962.
19. Booth C, Evans GS, Potten CS. Growth factor regulation of proliferation in primary culture of small intestinal epithelium. Cell Dev Biol 1995; 31: 234243.
20. Karlsson L, Lindahl P, Heath JK, Betsholtz C. Abnormal gastrointestinal development in PDGF-AA and PDGFR-α deficient mice implicates a novel mesenchymal structure with putative instructive properties in villus morphogenesis. Development 2000; 127: 34573466.
21. Chan F, Liu Y, Sun H, Li X, Shang H, Fan D, An J, Zhou D. Distribution and possible role of PDGF-AA and PDGFR-α in the gastrointestinal tract of adult guinea pigs. Virchows Arch 2010; 457: 381388.
22. Harada N, Okajima K, Arai M, Kurihara H, Nakagata N. Administration of Capsaicin and isoflavone promotes hair growth by increasing insulin-like growth factor production in mice and in humans with alopecia. Growth Horm IGF Res 2007; 17: 408415.
23. Raybould HE. Capsaicin sensitivity and epidermal growth factor. Gut 1998; 42: 314315.
24. Akkoç OCG. Postnatal gelişim dönemlerinde capsaicin uygulanan fare testislerinde transforming growth factor βnın immunohistokimyasal ekspresyonu. PhD, Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey, 2007 (in Turkish).
25. Inoue K, Koizumi S, Fuziwara S, Denda S, Denda M. Functional vanilloid receptors in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 291: 124129.