Aşılayıcılar için yeni bir eğitim yaklaşımı: İyileştirilmiş kademeli eğitim

Personelin uygun şekilde eğitimi, bağışıklama hedeflerine ulaşmada ve bu başarının sürdürülmesinde önemli rol oynar. Sağlık personelinin eğitimi ve bilgilerinin güncellenmesi hükümetlerin ve aşılama ile ilgili kuruluşların sorumluluğundadır. Bu iş yapılırken kritik konu, başlangıç ve sürekli eğitim sağlamanın en verimli ve etkili yolunu bulmaktır. Kademeli (Cascade) eğitiminin en iyi yöntemlerden biri olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bununla birlikte, çeşitli araştırmalar, klasik kademeli eğitim yaklaşımının avantajlarının yanı sıra bazı dezavantajları da olduğunu göstermiştir. Aslında, kademeli eğitim stratejisi uygun olmayan bir seçim değildir, söz konusu sorunlar uygun olmayan planlama ve uygulamadan kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu nedenle hükümetler, alternatif bir eğitim stratejisi düşünmek yerine, daha iyi eğitilmiş ve performansı yüksek sağlık personeline sahip olmak için klasik kademeli eğitim stratejisinin kalitesini artırmanın çarelerini düşünmek zorundadır. Kademeli eğitim stratejisi iyi planlanırsa, uygun öğretim teknikleri harmanlanarak yürütülürse ve uygulama aşamasında iyi izlenir/denetlenirse, sağlık personeli ve yöneticilerinin eğitimi için etkili bir strateji olabilir. Bu anlayışı klasik kademeli eğitim yaklaşımından ayırmak için yazarlar, eğitim konusuna bütüncül bir yaklaşım anlayışı ile iyi planlanmış ve uygulanmış bir kademeli eğitim stratejisi olarak tanımlanan “İyileştirilmiş Kademeli Eğitim” (Cascade-Plus Training) modelini önermektedir. Bu model, uygulamaya yönelik, esnek, çoklu kanıta dayalı eğitim teknikleri ile verilen, etkili denetim, izleme, değerlendirme ve problem çözme sunumları ile desteklenen model olarak tanımlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Eğitim modelleri, Kademeli eğitim, Aşılayıcı

A new training approach for vaccinators:Cascade plus training

Effective training of staff plays a major role in reaching and sustaining immunization goals. Training and updating health staff is the responsibility of all governments and immunization related organizations. The critical issue is finding the most efficient and effective way of providing initial and continuous training. Cascade training is thought to be one of the best methods. However, several researches showed that besides its advantages the classical cascade training approach has some disadvantages. A cascade training strategy is not an inappropriate choice, but the problems are initiated from inappropriate planning and implementation of it. Therefore, in order to have better trained health staff with high performance, rather than thinking of an alternative training strategy, the governments have to consider alternative ways of increasing the quality of the classical cascade training strategy. If the cascade training strategy is well planned, carried out by blending appropriate teaching techniques and is well monitored/supervised during the implementation phase it can be an effective strategy for training the health care staff and managers. In order to differentiate this understanding from the classical cascade approach, the authors propose the “Cascade-Plus Training” model, which is defined as “a well-planned and implemented cascade training strategy with an understanding of a holistic approach to the topic of training, which is practice oriented, flexible, delivered via multiple evidence based training-techniques, supported with effective supervision, monitoring, process evaluation and problem solving deliveries.”

Keywords:

Training models, cascade training, vaccinators,

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