Burak METE, Onur ACAR, Ceren KANAT, Esra DOĞAN

COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde alınan önlemlerin hava kirliliğine etkisi Türkiye/Doğu Akdeniz örneği

Amaç: Hava kirliliği, insan sağlığı, ekosistemler, çevre ve iklim üzerinde çok sayıda olumsuz etkiye yol açtığı için hem çevresel hem de sosyal bir sorundur. Hava kirleticileri, antropojenik ve doğal nedenlerden kaynaklanır. Bu çalışmada; COVID-19 pandemisi nedeni ile alınan önlemlerin hava kirliliğine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Hava kirliliği parametreleri ölçüm sonuçları Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı Ulusal Hava Kalitesi İzleme Ağı, Akdeniz İstasyonu verilerinden alınmıştır. 1.Mart-1.Mayıs 2019-2020 arası hava kirliliği parametreleri günlük olarak alınmıştır. COVID-19 pandemisi nedeni ile insan hareketlerini azaltan (sokağa çıkma yasağı, seyahat yasakları vb.) önlemlerin hava kirliliği parametrelerine etkisine bakılmıştır. Bulgular: 1 Mart - 1 Mayıs 2020 arasında 2019 yılının aynı dönemine göre; PM10 hariç SO2, CO, NOx, NO, NO2 ve O3 parametrelerinde önemli bir azalma tespit edilmiştir. COVID-19 nedeni ile alınan önlemlerden dolayı PM10, SO2, CO, NOx, NO, NO2, O3 konsantrasyonlarında sırasıyla % 0.35, % 23.6, % 84, % 46.5, % 34.5, % 63.1 ve % 68.4 oranında azalma olmuştur. Hava kirliliğine neden olan emisyonların önemli bir kısmının insan faaliyetlerinden kaynaklandığı görülmektedir. Sonuç: İnsan hareketlerini azaltan önlemlerin hava kirliliği parametreleri üzerindeki etkisinin büyük boyutta olduğu görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Hava kirliliği, partiküler madde, COVID-19, pandemi, karbonmonoksit

The effect of measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic on air pollution: A East Mediterranean example from Turkey

Objective: Air pollution is both an environmental and a social problem, as it leads to a multitude of adverse effects on human health, ecosystems, the built environment and the climate. Air pollutants are emitted from anthropogenic and natural sources. This study aimed to examine the effects of the measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic on air pollution in the province of Adana in Turkey. Methods: The data related to the measurements of air pollution parameters were obtained from the Mediterranean Station of the National Air Quality Monitoring Network provided by the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization. The parameters were recorded on a daily basis between March 1st and May 1st in 2019 and 2020. The effects of measures that limited human movements like curfews, travel bans, etc. due to the COVID-19 pandemic on air pollution parameters were examined. Results: A significant decrease was found in the parameters of SO2, CO, NOx, NO, NO2 and O3, except PM10, in 2020 when compared to 2019. The measures taken due to the COVID-19 pandemic were observed to result in a decrease of 0.35% in PM10, 23.6% in SO2, 84% in CO, 46.5% in NOx, 34.5% in NO, 63.1% in NO2 and 68.4% in O3 concentrations. It was found that a significant part of the emissions that caused air pollution had originated from human activities. Conclusion: It was observed that the measures that reduced human movements had a significant effect on air pollution.

Keywords:

Air pollution, COVID-19 Air pollution, particulate matter, COVID-19, pandemics, carbon monoxide,

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