Mohd Asnizam ASARI, Mokammad Shukri ABDULLAH, Zul Izhar Mohd ISMAIL

Histomorphometric study on the effect of low dose deltamethrin on the developing cerebellar cortex

Deltamethrin is a widely used type II pyrethroid-based insecticide. Studies have indicated that neonatal exposure to deltamethrin, even at relatively low doses, results in behavioral and neurological changes. In the present study, the effect of early neonatal exposure to low doses of deltamethrin on the histogenesis of the cerebellar cortex was investigated. Materials and methods: Sprague Dawley male pups were exposed to deltamethrin daily at a dose of 1 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection from the 2nd to the 5th postnatal day and sacrificed on postnatal days 6, 14, and 21. Following intracardiac perfusion, the cerebellum was removed, embedded with paraffin wax, and serially sectioned. The thickness of the different layers of the vermal cerebellar cortex was measured using Image-Pro Plus software. Results: There were no significant differences in the measured thickness of the external granular, molecular, and internal granular layers between the deltamethrin-treated and the control animals in all age groups studied. Conclusion: In contrast to a previous study, the present study showed that neonatal administration of low dose deltamethrin did not significantly affect the morphogenesis of the cerebellar cortex.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Pyrethroid, deltamethrin, neonatal, cerebellar cortex

Histomorphometric study on the effect of low dose deltamethrin on the developing cerebellar cortex

Keywords:

Key words: Pyrethroid, deltamethrin, neonatal, cerebellar cortex,

PDF

___

Casida JE, Quistad GB. Golden age of insecticide research: past, present, or future? Annu Rev Entomol 1998; 43: 1-16. 2. Kolaczinski JH, Curtis CF. Chronic illness as a result of low- level exposure to synthetic pyrethroid insecticides: a review of the debate. Food Chem Toxicol 2004; 42: 697-706. 3. Aldridge WN. An assessment of the toxicological properties of pyrethroids and their neurotoxicity. Crit Rev Toxicol 1990; 21: 89-104.
Ray DE, Fry JR. A reassessment of the neurotoxicity of pyrethroid insecticides. Pharmacol Ther 2006; 111: 174-193.
González-Burgos I, Alejandre-Gómez M. Cerebellar granule cell and Bergmann glial cell maturation in the rat is disrupted by pre- and post-natal exposure to moderate levels of ethanol. Int J Dev Neurosci 2005; 23: 383-388.
Malomo AO, Imosemi IO, Osuagwu FC, Oladejo OW, Akang EE, Shokunbi MT. Histomorphometric studies on the effect of cyanide consumption of the developing cerebellum of wistar rat (Rattus novergicus). West Afr J Med 2004; 23: 323-328.
Mwangi DK. Cerebellar parameters in developing 15 day old rat pups treated with propylthiouracil in comparison with 5 and 24 day old. East Afr Med J 2001; 78: 322-326.
Bartolome JV, Schweitzer L, Slotkin TA, Nadler JV. Impaired development of cerebellar cortex in rats treated postnatally with α-difluoromethylornithine. Neuroscience 1985; 15: 203-213.
Crofton KM, Reiter LW. Effects of two pyrethroid insecticides on motor activity and the acoustic startle response in the rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1984; 75: 318-328.
Eriksson P, Fredriksson A. Neurotoxic effects of two different pyrethroids, bioallethrin and deltamethrin, on immature and adult mice: changes in behavioral and muscarinic receptor variables. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1991; 108: 78-85.
Sheets LP, Doherty JD, Law MW, Reiter LW, Crofton KM. Age- dependent differences in the susceptibility of rats to deltamethrin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1994; 126: 186-190.
Altman J. Postnatal development of the cerebellar cortex in the rat. I. The external germinal layer and the transitional molecular layer. J Comp Neurol 1972; 145: 353-397.
Patro N, Mishra SK, Chattopadhyay M, Patro IK. Neurotoxicological effects of deltamethrin on the postnatal development of cerebellum of rat. J Biosci 1997; 22: 177-130.
Patro N, Patro IK. Effects of deltamethrin on granule cell migration during postnatal development of rat cerebellum. Indian J Exp Biol 2005; 43: 158-162.
Crofton KM, Kehn LS, Gilbert ME. Vehicle and route dependent effects of a pyrethroid insecticide, deltamethrin, on motor function in the rat. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1995; 17: 489- 495.
Pham HC, Navarro-Delmasure C, Pham HC, Clavel P, Van Haverbeke G, Cheav SL. Toxicological studies of deltamethrin. Int J Tissue React 1984; 6: 127-133.
Bijlani V, Grewal MS, Rao K. Birth weight and development of cerebellar cortex. J Anat 1980; 130: 769-775.
Bedi KS, Campbell LF, Mayhew TM. A fractionator study of the effects of undernutrition during early life on rat Purkinje cell numbers (with a caveat on the use of nucleoli as counting units). J Anat 1992; 181: 199-208.