Modeling the influence of hydrodynamic processes on anchovy distribution and connectivity in the black sea

Karadeniz hamsi larvalarının (Engraulis encrasicolus ponticus ) Karadeniz baseninde dağılım mekanizmaları, geliştirilen bir birey tabanlı hamsi larva modelinin üç yıllık (2001 -2003) altimetre verisinden hesaplanmış yüzey akıntıları kullanılarak bir Lagrangian modeline entegrasyonu ile araştırılmıştır. Model içinde h amsi yumurtalarını temsil eden parçacıklar Haziran - Ağustos ayları arasında farklı noktalarda bırakılmış ve zamana bağlı hareketleri takip edilmiştir. Hamsi yumurtalarının juvenil bireye gelişim süresi (ortalama) olan 36 gün boyunca model içinde bu parçacıklar akıntıya bağlı hareket etmiştir. Daha sonra bu bireylerin uydu verisinden hesaplanan yüzey suyu sıcaklık verisine bağlı olar ak somatik büyümeleri hesaplanmıştır. Model sonuçları göstermiştir ki Karadenizde basen ölçeğinde larval dağılımı kontrol eden en büyük faktör kıyı akıntısı (Rim Current) ve iki büyük ölçekli siklonik döngüdür. Yerel ölçekte ise orta ölçek (mesoscale) gir daplar önem kazanır. Gözlemlenen akıntı sistemleri ile de tutarlı olarak, orta ve batı basende kuzey kıyılarından güneye güçlü bir boylamsal taşın ım oluşur. Model sonuçları ayrıca batı ve doğu siklonik döngülerinin çevrelerinde güney sahillerinden güçlü larval taşınım olduğunu önermektedir. Geri kalan bölgelerde ise zayıf ve dağınık akıntılardan dolayı bölgeler arası bağlantı görülmemektedir. Farklı yıllar ve mevsimler karşılaştırıldığında larvaların dağılımında ortaya ciddi farklılıklar çıkmaktadır ki buda Karadenizde özellikle koruma bölgeleri tasarlanırken göz önüne alınması gereken bir etkendir.

Karadeniz'deki hamsi dağılımı ve bölgeler arası bağlan tısı üzerine hidrodinamik proseslerin etkisinin modellenmesi

Dispersal mechanisms of Black Sea anchovy larvae (Engraulis encrasicolus ponticus ) across the Black Sea were studied with an individual based anchovy larvae model embedded in a Lagrangian model using surface currents calculated from daily dynamic height topography maps of altimeter data during a period of three years (2001 -2003). Particles representing anchovy eggs were released at different sites during June to August and their movement was tracked over time. Drifters were advected for 36 days, representing the time it generally takes for anchovy eggs to develop into juveniles. Each individual was subject to somatic growth whose temperature dependence was calculated from satellite derived sea surface temperature data. Model results indicate that larval dispersal in the Black Sea is strongly controlled at the basin scale by the Rim Current circulation and its two cyclonic basin -wide gyres. It is locally controlled by mesoscale eddies. Consistent with the observed circulation fields, a strong meridional transport exists from the northern to the southern coastal zone along the western coast and the central basin. The peripheries of both the western and the eastern cyclonic gyres are also associated with strong larval transport from the southern coast to offshore areas. Elsewhere the connectivity between different regions is not as well pronounced due to weaker and patchy current fields. Variability in the dispersal of larvae is considerable when comparing different years and seasons and should be taken into account when designing networks of Marine Protected Areas in the Black Sea

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