Halis BORAN, Cengiz ÇİFTCİ, AKİF ER, ÖZAY KÖSE, İLKER ZEKİ KURTOĞLU, ŞEVKİ KAYIŞ

Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Green Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Seeds Against Some Fish Pathogens in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum)

Mikroorganizmalarda antibiyotiklere karşı direnç gelişimi, yeni antibakteriyel bileşiklere olan ihtiyacın artmasına neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, yeşil çay (Camellia sinensis L.) tohumu ve onun ikincil bir metaboliti olan saponinin gökkuşağı alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) hastalığa sebep olan beş farklı bakteriyel balık patojeni üzerindeki antibakteriyel aktiviteleri araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, balıkların hayati organlarına ait dokularda oluşabilecek histopatolojik etkiler incelenmiştir. Çay tohumu ve saponinin antibakteriyel aktivitesi agar difüzyon yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanılan sulandırılmış çay tohumu (SÇT) tozu ve saponin beş balık patojenine karşı antibakteriyel aktivite göstermiştir, fakat sadece Listonella anguillarum bakterisine karşı istatistiksel olarak önemli derecede bir etki tespit edilmiştir. Benzer şekilde, L. anguillarum ile enfekte edilen balıklarda, SÇT ve saponin diyet gruplarında istatistiksel olarak önemli derecede bir hayatta kalma oranı gözlenmiştir. Bunun yanında, SÇT ve saponin katkılı yemler ile beslenen balıkların solungaç dokularında, hayati önemi olmayan hiperplazi ve epitelyum doku ayrılması, karaciğer dokularında ise hafif düzeyde yağ damlacıkları, hücreler arası ödem ve çekirdek dejenerasyonu gibi semptomlar tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, sulandırılmış çay tohumunun özellikle alabalık yetiştiriciliğinde karşılaşılan L. Anguillarum enfeksiyonuna karşı potansiyel bir antibakteriyel bileşik kaynağı olabileceği veya sağlığı koruyucu bir yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanılabileceğini ortaya koymuştur.

Yeşil Çay (Camellia sinensis L.) Tohumunun Bazı Balık Patojenlerine Karşı Antibakteriyel Aktivitesinin Gökkuşağı Alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Değerlendirilmesi

The evolution of microorganism resistance to antibiotics has resulted in growing need for new antibacterial compounds. In the present study, the antibacterial activity of green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) seed and its secondary metabolite saponin were evaluated on five bacterial fish pathogens that cause diseases in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In addition to this, possible histological effects were investigated on the vital organs of fish. The antibacterial activity of tea seed and saponin were determined using the agar diffusion method. Watered tea seed (WTS) powder and saponin used in this research as the feed additives demonstrated antibacterial activity against the five pathogens but statistically significant inhibition was observed only with Listonella anguillarum. Accordingly, significantly higher survival levels were observed in fish infected with L. anguillarum in WTS and saponin diet groups. However, organs of fish fed with WTS and saponin showed some nonvital symptoms such as hyperplasia and epithelial lifting in the gills and lipid droplets, intercellular edema and nuclear degeneration in liver. Results from this study confirmed the potential use of WTS as a source of antibacterial compounds or as a feed additive for prevention of disease against L. anguillarum infection in trout culture.

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