Effects of Phytase and Citric Acid Supplemented Corn Gluten (30%) MealBased Diets on the Mineral Digestibility of Cirrhinus mrigala Fingerlings

Phytic acid is a major part of oilseed meals which reduces bioavailability of minerals and protein to fish. The present research project was planned to check the effects of citric acid and phytase supplementation in corn gluten (30%) meal-based diets, on mineral digestibility of Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings. The diets were formulated to supply adequate levels of all required nutrients for normal fish growth. Feces were collected twice a day from each tank. Effect of each treatment on the minerals digestibility was calculated using standard formulae. Highest apparent digestibility coefficient % of minerals (Calcium 68%, Phosphorus 77%, Sodium 64%, Potassium 62%, Magnesium 53%, Iron 64%, Copper 68%, Manganese 67% and Zinc 74%) was observed in the fish fed at 5% citric acid and 500 FTUkg-1 phytase in corn gluten (30%) meal-based diet. Results of the current study indicated that addition of 5% citric acid and 500 FTUkg-1 phytase to corn gluten (30%) mealbased diet was most effective among the levels to release the chelated minerals to Cirrhinus mrigala from phytate complexes. Hence, the use of citric acid (5%) and phytase (500 FTUkg-1) improves the fish performance when both were used in corn gluten (30%) meal-based diets.

___

Abid, M., & Ahmed, M.S. (2009). Efficacy of feeding frequency on growth and survival of Labeo rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings under intensive rearing. Journal of Animal and Plant Science, 19, 111-113.

Allan, G.L., & Rowland, S.J. (1992). Development of an experimental diet for silver perch (Bidynus bidyanus). Austasia Aquaculture, 6, 39-40.

Alliot, E., Pastoreaud, A., Pelaez, J., & Metailler, R. (1979). Utilisation des farines vegetales et des levures cultivees sur alcanes pour l’alimentation du bar (Dicentrarchus labrax) In: J.E. Halver and K. Tiews (Editors), Finfish Nutrition and Fishfeed Technology, Vol. II. Heenemann, Berlin, pp. 229- 238.

AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). (1995). Official Methods of Analysis.15th Ed. Association of Official Analytical chemists, Washington, D.C. USA., 1094.

Baruah, K., Pal, A. K., Sahu, N. P., Jain, K. K., Mukherjee, S.C., & Debnath, D. (2005). Dietary protein level, microbial phytase, citric acid and their interactions on bone mineralization of Labeo rohita (Hamilton) juveniles. Aquaculture Research, 36, 803-812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2005.01290.x

Baruah, K., Sahu, N.P., Pal, A.K., & Debnath, D. (2004). Dietary Phytase: An ideal approach for cost effective and low-polluting aqua feed. NAGA, World Fish Center Quarterly, 27, 15-19.

Baruah, K., Sahu, N.P., Pal, A.K., Jain, K.K., Debnath D., & Yengkokpam S. (2007). Interaction of dietary microbial phytase, citric acid and crude protein level on mineral utilization by Rahu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton), Juveniles. Journal of World Aquaculture Society, 38(2), 238-249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2007.00092.x

Cao, L., Wang, W., Yang, C., Yang, Y., Diana, J., Yakupitiyage, A., Luo, Z., & Li, D. (2007). Application of microbial phytase in fish feed. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 40, 497-507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enzmictec.2007.01.007

Dalsgaard, J., Ekman, K.S., Pedersen, P.B., & Verlhac, V. (2009). Effect of supplemented fungal phytase on performance and phosphorus availability by phosphorus-depleted juveniles rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and on the magnitude and composition of phosphorus waste output. Aquaculture, 286, 105-112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.09.007

Davies, S.J., Williamson, J., Robinson, M., & Bateson, I. (1989). Practical inclusion levels of common animal by-products in complete diets for tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Proceedings Third International Symposium on Feeding and Nutrition in Fish, Toba, Japan, 325-332.

Divakaran, S., Leonard, G.O., & Lan, P.F. (2002). Note on the methods for cetermination of chromic oxide in shrimp feeds. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 50, 464-467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf011112s

Gaddowski, D.M., & Caddel, S.M. (1991). Effect of temperature on early life history stages of California halibut Paralichthys californicus. Fish Bull, 89, 567-576.

Greiner, R., & Konietzny, U. (2006). Phytase for food application. Food technology and biotechnology, 44(2), 125-140.

Helland, S., Denstadli, V., Witten, P.E., Hjelde, K., Strobakken, T., Skrede, A., Asgard, T., & Baeverfjord, G. (2006). Hyper dense vertebrae and mineral content in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fed diets with graded levels of phytic acid. Aquaculture, 261, 603-614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.08.027

Hu, B., Ferrell, M., Lim, C.E., & Davis, D.A. (2012). Evaluation of traditional diet and corn gluten feed substituted alternative diet for pond-raised hybrid catfish on production and xanthophyll level. Aquaculture, 354–355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture. 2012.04.038

Hussain, S.M., Ahmad, S., Shahzad, M.M., Arsalan, M.Z.H., Riaz, D., Ahmad, N., Tabassum, S., & Ahmad, A.W. (2016). Mineral digestibility of Labeo rohita fingerlings fed on cottonseed meal-based diets supplemented with citric acid and phytase enzyme. International Journal of Biosciences, 8(2), 25-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/8.2.25-35 .

Hussain, S.M., Javed, M., Asghar, S., Hussain, M., Abdullah, S., Raza, S.A., & Javid, A. (2010). Studies on growth performance of metals mixture stressed Cirrhinus mrigala in earthen ponds. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 47, 263-270.

Hussain, S.M., Javed, M., Javid, A., Javid, T., & Hussain, N. (2011). Growth responses of Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala during chronic exposure of iron. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 48, 239-244.

Jorquera, M., Martinez, O., Maruyama, F., Marschiner, P., & Mora D.L. (2008). Current and future biotechnology applications of bacterial phytases and phytase-producing bacteria. Microbes and Environments, 23, 182-191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1264/jsme2.23.182

Khajepour, F., & Hosseini, S.A. (2012a). Citric acid improves growth performance and phosphorus digestibility in Beluga (Huso huso) fed diets where soybean meal partly replaced fish meal. Journal of Animal Feed Sciences, 10, 10-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.10.001

Khajepour, F., & Hosseini, S.A. (2012b). Calcium and phosphorus status in juvenile Beluga (Huso huso) fed citric acid-supplemented diets. Aquaculture Research, 43(1), 407–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.13652109.2011.02843.x

Khajepour, F., Hosseini, S.A., & Imanpour, M.R. (2012). Dietary crude protein, citric acid and microbial phytase and their interacts to influence growth performance, muscle proximate composition and hematocrite of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L, juveniles. World Journal of Zoology, 7(2), 118-122. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.5829/idosi.wjz. 2012.7.2.56344

Khajepour, F., & Hosseini, S.A. (2010). Mineral status of juvenile beluga (Huso huso) fed citric acid supplemented diets. World Applied Sciences Journal, 1, 682-686.

Lech P.L., & Reigh, R.C. (2012). Plant products affect growth and digestive efficiency of cultured Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus) fed compounded diets. PLoS One open access peer reviewed scientific journal, 7,111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0034981

Liu, L., Luo, Y., Liang, X.F. Wang, W., & Wu, J. (2013). Effects of neutral phytase supplementation on biochemical parameters in Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, and Gibel Carp, Carassiusauratus gibelio, fed different levels of mono-calcium phosphate. Journal of the world aquaculture society, 44(1), 56-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jwas.12002

Morales, G.A., Saenz, M., Márquez, L., Díaz, M., & Moyano, F.J. (2013). Solubilisation of protein fractions induced by Escherichia coli phytase and its effects on in vitro fish digestion of plant proteins. Journal of Animal Feed Sciences, 10, 1016. doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.02.004

NRC (National Resarch Council). (1993). Nutrient Requirements of Fish. Washington, DC, Nat. Acad. Press, p. 114.

Pham, M.A., Lee, K.J., Dang, T.M., Lim, S.J., Ko, G.Y., EO, J., & Oh, D.H. (2008). Improved apparent digestibility coefficient of protein and phosphorus by supplementation of microbial phytase in diets containing cottonseed and soybean meal for juvenile olive flounder. Asian Australas Journal of Animal Science, 21, 1367-1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.80053

Phromkunthong, W., Nuntapong, N., & Gabaudan, J. (2010). Interaction of phytase RONOZYME®P (L) and citric acid on the utilization of phosphorus by common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 32(6), 547-554.

Pongmaneerat, I., & Watanabe, T. (1991). Nutritive value of protein of feed ingredients for carp, Cyprinus carpio. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 57, 503-510. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.2331/suisan.57.503

Robinson, E.H., Li, M.H., & Manning, B.B. (2002). Comparison of microbial phytase and dicalcium phosphate or growth and bone mineralization of pondraised channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 12, 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j028v12n03_08

Rowland, S.J., & Ingram, B.A. (1991). Diseases of Australian native freshwater fishes with particular emphasis on the ecto-parasitic and fungal diseases of Murray cod (Maccullo chellapeeli), golden perch (Macquaria ambigua) and silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus). NSW Fisheries Bulletin, 4, 1-29.

Sakata, T., Adachi, M., Hashida, M., Sato, N., & Kojima, T. (1995). Effect of n-butyric acid on epithelial cell proliferation of pig colonic mucosa in short-term culture. Deutsche tierarztliche Wochenschrift, 102, 163-164.

Shah, Z.H., Afzal, M., Shafaat, Y.K., Hussain, S.M., & Zeeshan, R. (2015). Prospects of Using Citric Acid as Fish Feed Supplement. International Journal of Agriculture Biology, 17, 1-8.

Snedecor, G.W., & Cochran, W.G. (1990). Statistical Methods. 8th Ed. Iowa State University. Press, Americans. USA, 503.

Steel, R.G.D., Torrie, J.H., & Dickey, D.A. (1996). Principles and Procedures of Statistics, 3rd Ed. McGraw Hill International Book Company, Inc.New York. USA. p. 336-352.

Zhou, Q. C., Tan, B.P., Mai, K.S., & Liu, Y.J. (2004). Apparent digestibility of selected feed ingredients for juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum. Aquaculture, 241, 441-451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.08.044

Zhu, Y., Xuan, Q., Qiliang, D., Mingming, D., & Chunfang, W. (2014). Combined effects of dietary phytase and organic acid on growth and phosphorus utilization of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Aquaculture, 430, 1-8. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.03.023
Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences-Cover
  • ISSN: 1303-2712
  • Başlangıç: 2015
  • Yayıncı: Su Ürünleri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü - Trabzon
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler

Limnochemical Characterization of Lotic and Lentic Ecosystems in Agbede Wetlands

Abdul-Rahman DİRİSU, John Ovie OLOMUKORO, Tunde Ohiokhioya Thadeus IMOOBE

Transforming Growth Factor β1 Gene Play a Novel Role in Innate Immune Response in Pelteobagrus fulvidraco

Yu WANG, Shuangyao WAN, Hongtian LUO, Yancheng LV

Molecular Characterization of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase (HMGR) in Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus and Its Regulation by Oxidized Fish Oil

Jiansheng YE, Yu-Wei HUANG, Yuan-Tu YE

Effects of Nannochloropsis Concentration in Diet on Growth, Survival and Anti-inflammatory Cytokine (Interleukin-10) Production of the Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus.

Anisuzzaman MD, Feng JİN, U-Cheol JEONG, Jong- Kuk CHOİ, Da-In LEE, Hak Sun YU, Seok-Joung KANG

Occurrence of Intersex in Grey Mullet, Mugil cephalus L. from Kovalam Coast, Tamil Nadu

Krishnamoorthy DHANASEKAR, Narasimman SELVAKUMAR, Natesan MUNUSWAMY

Effects of Dietary Calcium Levels on Growth Performance, Blood Biochemistry and Whole Body Composition in Juvenile Bighead Carp (Aristichthys nobilis)

Hualiang LİANG, Haifeng Mİ, Xianping GE, Mingchun REN, Jun XIE

Protein Requirement in Granulated Microdiets for Olive Flounder (Paralichthys oivaceus) Larvae

Min Su HA, Hae Seung JEONG, Bok-Il JANG, Ki Wook LEE, Hyeon Jong KİM, Dong Gyu CHOİ, He Sung KİM, Sung Hwoan CHO, Jin-Hyung YOO

Influence of Adding Garlic (Allium sativum), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and Their Combination on the Growth Performance, HaematoImmunological Parameters and Disease Resistance to Photobacterium damselae in Sobaity Sea Bream (Sparidentex hasta) Fry

Vahideh JAHANJOO, Maziar YAHYAVİ, Reza AKRAMİ, Amir Houshang BAHRİ

Genetic Diversity and Structure Analysis of Phascolosoma esculenta in the Coastal Zone of South-eastern China Based on Mitochondrial Cyt b Gene

Xinming GAO, Danli MU, Jianfeng LOU, Congcong HOU, Junguan ZHU, Jianping WANG, Chunlin WANG, Shan JİN

Coastal Plankton Assemblages in the Vicinity of Galindez Island and Neumayer Channel (Western Antarctic Peninsula) during the First Joint Turkish -Ukrainian Antarctic Research Expedition

İZZET NOYAN YILMAZ, HALİM AYTEKİN ERGÜL, SİNAN MAVRUK, SEYFETTİN TAŞ, HALİM VEDAT AKER, Melek YILDIZ, BAYRAM ÖZTÜRK