Biodiversity of deep sea prawns in the upper continental Slope of Arabian Sea, off Kerala (South West India): a comparison between depths and years

Güney Hindistanda yer alan Kerala bölgesinde Umman Denizi üst kıtasal kıyılarında, 150-650 m arasında derin deniz karidesinin biyoçeşitliliğini değerlendirmek üzere; yıllara ve derinliğe göre tek değişkenli çeşitlilik indeksleri ve çok değişkenli kümeleme analizi yapılmıştır. Veriler Kerela Eyaleti kıyılarında 7-13°N kuzey enlemleri arasında derin deniz bölgesinde hem araştırma sörveylerinde, hem de ticari avcılıktan toplanmıştır. Biyoçeşitlilik ve türlerin durumu farklı çevresel karakterlerin yanısıra derin deniz balıkçılığı yoğunluğu da göz önüne alınarak tartışılmıştır. Biyolojik çeşitlilik indekslerinin analizleri 2000-01 ve 2001-02 yıllarının farklı ayları boyunca Kerela’da derin deniz karidesinin, 150-250 ve 251-350 m’de biyoçeşitlilik indekslerinin daha yüksek olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır. Buna karşın 351-450, 451-550 ve 551-650 m’lik yüksek derinlik bölgelerinde çeşitlilik kademeli olarak azalmaktadır. Daha yüksek derinliklerde tür zenginliğinin de düşük değerlerde kaydedilmesinin aksine 251-350 m gibi daha az derin bölgelerde maksimum tür çeşitliliği olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, derin deniz trol avcılığının etkisi dışında, dipteki doğal yapısının ve hakim su sıcaklığının kombine etkisine göre çeşitli derinlik bölgelerinde gözlemlenen derin deniz karidesinin tür çeşitliliğinin, kabul edilebilir etkisini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Umman Denizi, tür zenginliği, iri karides, biyoçeşitlilik, derinlik, su sıcaklığı

Kerela’da (Güneybatı Hindistan) Umman Denizi kıtasal avcılık bölgesinde derin Deniz karidesi biyoçeşitliliğinin derinlik ve yıllara göre değişimi

Univariate diversity indices and multivariate cluster analysis were performed in order to evaluate the year wise and depth wise bio diversity of deep sea prawns between 150-650 m in the upper continental slope of Arabian Sea, off Kerala, South India. Data were collected from both exploratory surveys as well as commercial deep sea -to fishery off Kerala coast between latitudes 7°N to 13°N. Biodiversity and species assemblage are discussed considering the different environmental characters as well as deep sea fishing intensity. Analysis of biodiversity indices of deep sea prawns off Kerala during different months of 2000-01 and 2001-02 revealed that the biodiversity indices were high at 150-250 and 251-350 m whereas in higher depth zones of 351-450, 451-550 and 551-650 m, the diversity is gradually declining. The species richness was also found maximum at relatively lower depth zones of 251-350 m in contrast to the low values registered in higher depths. The results showed the variation in species diversity, abundance and evenness of deep sea prawns observed at various depth zones might be due to the combined effect of both nature of substratum and the prevailing water temperature, besides the impacts of deep sea trawling operations.

Keywords:

Arabian Sea, species richness, prawns, biodiversity, depth, water temperature,

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