Annual variation in the diversity, species richness and composition of the phytoplankton assemblages in the Izmir Bay (Eastern Aegean)

Bu çalışmada, İzmir Körfezi (Ege Denizi) fitoplankton tür komposizyonu, türlerin kalitatif ve kantitatif dağılımları ve bu dağılımı etkileyen çevresel faktörler incelenmiştir. Su örnekleri Ocak 1998 ve Aralık 2001 tarihleri arasında 3 istasyondan mevsimsel olarak (yüzey, -5m, -10m ve -15 m) toplanmıştır. Çalışma süresince Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae ve Bacillariophyceae olmak üzere üç alg sınıfından toplam 115 taxa saptanmıştır. Körfezde fitoplankton tür komposizyonunun bölgesel ve zamansal değişimi incelendiğinde genel yapı olarak dinoflagellatların baskınlığı göze çarpmaktadır ancak özellikle ilkbahar ve kış dönemlerinde diyatom baskınlığı gözlenmiştir. Evsel ve endüstriyel atıkların arıtılmasına, 2000 yılının başlarında atık su arıtma ünitesinin devreye girmesi ile başlanmıştır. Çalışmanın örnekleme dönemi, arıtma ünitesi aktivasyonunun öncesini ve sonrasını kapsamaktadır. Her ne kadar atık su arıtma ünitesi, azotun uzaklaştırılması için yeterli olsa da fosfatın uzaklaştırılması için yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bu durum orta ve iç körfezde 2000-2001 dönemleri arasında azalan N/P oranları ile de uymludur. Atık su arıtma ünitesinin neden olduğu bu azalma hem dinoflagellat hem de diyatom tür çeşitliliğini etkilemektedir. Student-t testi ve diskriminant analizleri ile istasyonlar ve yıllar arasında, istatistiksel olarak p

Anahtar Kelimeler:

tür çeşitliliği, Türkiye, Ege Denizi, fitoplankton

İzmir Körfezi’nde (Doğu Ege) fitoplankton topluluğunun diversite, tür zenginliği ve kompozisyonunun yıllık değişimi

In this study, qualitative and quantitative characteristics of phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors which have influences on its distribution and the changes in Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea) were investigated. The water samples were collected seasonally between January 1998 and December 2001 from 3 sampling sites (from surface, -5 m, -10 m and -15 m). During the study period, a total of 115 taxa from three algal classes, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae and Bacillariophyceae were determined. Spatio-temporal phytoplankton community composition in the bay was often dominated by dinoflagellates but shift to diatom dominance was observed in some periods, particularly in spring and winter. The Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTP) began to treat domestic and industrial wastes since early 2000. The sampling periods of the study include both before and after the activation of treatment plant. Although WTP is sufficient for removal of nitrogen from the wastes, it is inadequate for removal of phosphate. This is also compatible with the decreasing N/P ratios observed during 2000-2001 in the middle and inner bays. Therefore, the decrease in the ratios caused by treatment plant, affects the species diversity of both dinoflagellat and diatom assemblages. The student’s t-tests and the discriminant analyses outcome from different stations and years demonstrate statistically significant variances at a P≤0.05 probability level. These results indicated that the considerable improvements should be expected in the next years.

Keywords:

species diversity, Turkey, Aegean Sea, phytoplankton,

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