Silurian graptolite, conodont and cryptospore biostratigraphy of the Gülüç section in Ereğli, Zonguldak Terrane, NW Anatolia, Turkey

İncelenen Siluriyen yaşlı Fındıklı Formasyonu’na ait Gülüç kesiti Zonguldak tektonik birliğinin doğu kesiminde yer almakta olup Ereğli yakınındaki Gülüç Çayı’nın batı yamacında bulunur. Kesitte alttan üste; 5–7 m kalınlıkta yeşilimsi gri karbonatlı şeyller (1), 15 m kadar kalınlıkta düzensiz ardalanmalı siyah şeyl ve killi kireçtaşları (2) ve 6–7 m kalınlıkta silttaşı ve kumlu kireçtaşından (3) oluşma üç çökel paket gözlenir. Graptolit, kriptospor ve konodontların birlikte kullanılarak kurulan biyostratigrafiye göre Paket 1 Landoveryen (Ruddaniyen, Aeroniyen ve/veya erken Telişiyen) Paket 2 ve 3 ise geç Venlokiyen–erken Ludloviyen (Homeriyen ve Ludfordian) yaşındadır. İkinci ve Üçüncü paketlerde yer alan graptolitler Cyrtograptus lundgreni, Neodiversograptus nilssoni ve Lobograptus scanicus graptolit biyozonlarına işaret eder. Ozarkodina crassa Biozonu alt Gorstiyen’de (Ludloviyen) yer alır. Gülüç kesitinin özellikleri (litolojik değişimler, kondenzasyon, stratigrafik boşluk, graptolit çeşitliliğinde değişiklikler) Siluriyen T-R döngelerinin global modeli ile uyum içindedir. Gülüç kesitinde yaklaşık 20 m kalınlık sunan Fındıklı Formasyonu kondanse bir istifi temsil etmekte olup aynı formasyonun İstanbul ve Zonguldak tektonik birliklerinde yaygın olarak yüzeylenen siyah şeyl ve silttaşı istiflerinden belirgin olarak farklıdır. Çalışmada onaltı kriptospor türü tanımlanmış, bunların stratigrafik ve coğrafi dağılımları özetlenmiştir.

Siluriyen Graptolit, konodont ve kriptospor biyostratigrafi si, Gülüç kesiti-Ereğli, Zonguldak tektonik birliği, KB Anadolu

The studied Gülüç section of the Silurian Fındıklı Formation is situated on the western bank of Gülüç Creek in Ereğli, NW Anatolia, Turkey, in the eastern part of the Zonguldak Terrane. The Gülüç section consists of 3 sedimentary packages: greenish grey limy siltstones, 5–7 m thick (1), overlain by an irregular alternation of black shales and clayey limestones, about 15 m thick (2), and a 6–7 m thick succession of mainly siltstones and sandy limestones (3). A combined biostratigraphy based upon graptolites, cryptospores and conodonts indicates that Package 1 is of Llandovery (Rhuddanian, Aeronian and/or early Telychian) age, Package 2 and Package 3 are of late Wenlock–early Ludlow (Homerian and Ludfordian) age. Graptolites in packages 2 and 3 indicate the presence of the Cyrtograptus lundgreni, Neodiversograptus nilssoni and Lobograptus scanicus graptolite biozones. The Ozarkodina crassa Biozone occurs in the lower Gorstian (Ludlow). The specific features of the Gülüç section (lithological changes, condensation, stratigraphic gap, change in graptolite diversity) are related to the global model of Silurian T–R cycles. The Silurian Fındıklı Formation in the Gülüç section, about 20 m thick, represents a condensed lithological succession which differs significantly from the coeval thick, stratigraphically widespread black shales and siltstones of the same formation in the Zonguldak and İstanbul terranes. Sixteen cryptospore species are described and their stratigraphic and geographic distributions are summarised.

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