Mehmet ÖZTÜRK, Ufuk KOLAK, Gülaçtı TOPÇU, Tuğba KUŞMAN, Ayşe Aslı Barla DEMİRKOZ, Ayhan ULUBELEN

Terpenoids, essential oil composition, fatty acid pro le, and biological activities of Anatolian Salvia fruticosa Mill.

The hexane and dichloromethane extracts, obtained by re-extraction of the methanol extract of Salvia fruticosa Mill., a orded 7 diterpenoids (carnosol, carnosic acid, carnosic acid 12-methyl ether, rosmadial, isorosmanol, ferruginol, and manool), 4 triterpenoids ( -amyryltetracosanoate, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, and erythrodiol), a steroid (3-acetylsitosterol), and aavone (salvigenin). The galls (apples) of the collected plant were separately extracted with hexane to a ord fatty acids composed mainly of oleic acid (29%), palmitoleic acid (29%), and stearic acid (23.20%), which exhibited high anticholinesterase activity, particularly against BChE. The essential oil, obtained from the aerial parts of the plant, exhibited high AChE inhibitory activity, consisting of mainly 1,8-cineol (58.89%). The antioxidant activity according to 6 complementary tests and anticholinesterase potential of the methanol extracts and triterpenoids $alpha$-amyryltetracosanoate, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, and sitosterol acetate were also investigated, and methanol extract exhibited the highest antioxidant and anticholinesterase activity, surpassing the other tested extracts and pure compounds.

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