Pollen and seed morphology of Velezia L. (Caryophyllaceae) genus in Turkey

In this study, pollen and seed morphology of Velezia L. (Caryophyllaceae) species in Turkey were investigated by light and scanning electron microscopy. The genus is represented by 5 species in Turkey: V. tunicoides P.H.Davis, V. hispida Boiss., V. quadridentata Sibth. & Sm., V. pseudorigida Hub.-Mor. and V. rigida L. Endemism ratio of the genus is 60%, which shows that Turkey is the gene center for this genus. The pollen grains of Velezia species are radially symmetrical and isopolar, oblate-spheroidal, operculate, and polypantoporate, pores with conical spinules on operculum. Pollen ornamentation, pore numbers, exine thickness, pore diameter, operculum ornamentation, and spinule sizes are varying characters between Velezia species. Seeds of Velezia species are bright black when mature; the embryo is straight, the cylindrical seeds are dorsiventrally compressed usually with incurved and thickened margins; the hilum being situated in the centre of the concave surface. Number of seeds in capsule, seed length and width, presence of tubercle, suture shape and the number of suture points per plate are important characters in differentiating Velezia species.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Caryophyllaceae, morphology, pollen, seed, Velezia

Pollen and seed morphology of Velezia L. (Caryophyllaceae) genus in Turkey

Keywords:

Key words: Caryophyllaceae, morphology, pollen, seed, Velezia,

PDF

___

Aksoy A, Hamzaoğlu E & Kılıç S (2008). A new species of Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey. Bot J Linn Soc 158: 730–733.
Al-Eisawi D (1989). Pollen morphology of Caryophyllaceae in Jordan. Mitt Bot Staatssamml 28: 599-614.
Arkan O & İnceoğlu Ö (1992). Türkiye’nin bazı Saponaria L. taksonlarının polen morfolojisi. Turk J Bot 16: 253-272.
Ataşlar E (2004). Morphological and anatomical investigations on the Saponaria kotschyii Boiss. (Caryophyllaceae). Turk J Bot 28: 193- 199.
Ataşlar E & Ocak A (2005). Gypsophila osmangaziensis (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Central Anatolia, Turkey. Ann Bot Fenn 42: 57-60.
Ataşlar E, Potoğlu Erkara İ & Tokur S (2009). Pollen morphology of some Gypsophila L. (Caryophyllaceae) species and its taxonomic value. Turk J Bot 33: 335-351.
Aytaç Z & Duman H (2004). Six new taxa (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey. Ann Bot Fenn 41: 213-221.
Bağcı Y, Uysal T, Ertuğrul K & Demirelma H (2007). Silene kucukodukii sp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae) from south Anatolia, Turkey. Nord J Bot 25: 306-310.
Bağcı Y (2008). A new species of Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae) from South Anatolia, Turkey. Turk J Bot 32: 11-15.
Ball PW & Heywood VH (1964). A revision of the genus Petrorhagia. Bull Br Mus (Nat Hist), Botany 3: 4, London.
Barkoudah YI (1962). A revision of Gypsophila, Bolanthus, Ankyropetalum and Phryna. Wentia 9: 1-203.
Bittrich V (1993). Caryophyllaceae. In: Kubitzki K, Rohwer JG & Bittrich V (eds) The families and genera of vascular plants, Flowering plants, Dicotyledons, Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid families, 2: 206-236. Berlin, Germany: Springer- Verlag.
Brochmann C (1992). Pollen and seed morphology of Nordic Draba (Brassicaceae): phylogenetic and ecological implications. Nord J Bot 1: 657-673.
Candau P (1978). Palinologia de Caryophyllaceae del sur de España: 1. Subfamilia Paronychioideae. Lagascalia 7: 143-157.
Chanda S (1962). On the pollen morphology of some Scandinavian Caryophyllaceae. Grana 3: 67–89.
Çinbilgel İ, Karadeniz A & Gökçeoğlu M (2007). Morphological and anatomical study on endemic Saponaria pamphylica Boiss. & Heldr. (Caryophyllaceae). JABS 1(2): 19-25.
Coode MJE (1967). Velezia L. In: Davis PH (ed), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, 2: 135-138. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Davis PH & Cullen J (1965). The Identification of Flowering Plant Families. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Davis PH, Mill RR & Tan K (1988). Caryophyllaceae. In: Davis PH, Mill RR & Tan K (eds), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. 10: 65-81. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Deniz İG & Düşen OD (2004). Silene sumbuliana (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Southwest Anatolia, Turkey. Ann Bot Fenn 41: 293-296.
Duran A & Menemen Y (2003). A new species of Silene (Caryophyllaceae) from South Anatolia, Turkey. Bot J Linn Soc 143: 109-113.
Ecevit-Genç G, Kandemir A & Genç İ (2007). A new species of Silene (Caryophyllaceae) from East Anatolia, Turkey. Nord J Bot 25: 58-63.
Erdtman G (1960). The acetolysis method: revised description. Svensk Bot Tidskr 54: 561-564.
Erdtman G (1969). Handbook of palynology morphology, taxonomy, ecology. An introduction to the study of pollen grains and spores. New York: Hafner Publication.
Erdtman G, Berglund B & Praglowski J (1961). An introduction to a Scandinavian pollen flora. Stockholm: Almqvist Wiksell.
Fægri K & Iversen J (1975). Textbook of pollen analysis. New York: Hafner Press.
Fægri K, Kaland PE & Krzywinski K (1989). Textbook of pollen analysis. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Ghazanfar SA (1984). Pollen morphology of the genus Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae), Sections Siphonomorpha Otth. and Auriculatae (Boiss.) Schischk. New Phytol 98: 683-690.
Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T & Başer KHC (2000). Caryophyllaceae. In: Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T & Başer KHC (eds), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. 11: 44-53. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Hamzaoğlu E, Aksoy A & Budak Ü (2010). A new species of Silene (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey. Turk J Bot 34: 47-50.
Heslop-Harrison J (1963). An ultrastructural study of pollen wall ontogeny in Silene pendula. Grana Palynologica 4: 7-24.
Heywood VH (1998). Flowering plants of the world. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hutchinson J (1973). The Families of Flowering Plants (Angiospermae) Dicotyledones. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Iwarsson M (1977). Pollen morphology of East African Caryophyllaceae. Grana 16: 15-22.
Jordan GJ & Macphail MK (2003). A middle-late eocene inflorescence of Caryophyllaceae from Tasmania, Australia. Am J Bot 90 (5): 761-768.
Kandemir A, Ecevit-Genç G & Genç İ (2009). Silene dumanii (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from East Anatolia, Turkey. Ann Bot Fenn 46: 71-74.
Kaplan A (2008). Pollen morphology of some Paronychia species (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey. Biologia 63 (1): 53-60.
Koul KK & Ranina SN (2000). Seed coat microsculpturing in Brassica and allied genera (subtribes Brassiccinae, Raphaninae, Moricandiinae). Ann Bot Fenn 86: 385-397.
Kuprianova A (1967). Apertures of pollen grains and their evolution in Angiosperms. Paleobot Palynol 3: 73-80.
McNeill J & Bassett IJ (1974). Pollen morphology and the infrageneric classification of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae). Can J Bot 52: 1225-1231.
Melzheimer V (1975). Pollensystematische untersuchungen in der gattung Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae). Bot Jahrb Syst 95: 215-225.
Menemen Y & Hamzaoğlu E (2000). A new species of Dianthus (Caryophyllaceae) from Salt Lake, Central Anatolia, Turkey. Ann Bot Fenn 37: 285-287.
Muller J (1981). Fossil pollen records of extant Angiosperms. Bot Rev 47: 1-142.
Murley MR (1951). Seeds of the Cruciferae on North Eastern America. Am Midl Nat 46: 1-81.
Mutlu B (2006). Saponaria bargyliana Gombault (Caryophyllaceae): A new record from Turkey and analysis of its morphological characters with related species. Turk J Bot 30: 63-70.
Novicke JW (1975). Pollen morphology in the Order Centrospermae. Grana 15: 51-77.
Özhatay N & Kültür Ş (2006). Check-List of additional taxa to the supplement Flora of Turkey III. Turk J Bot 30: 281-316.
Pax F & Hoffmann K (1934). Caryophyllaceae. In: Engler HGA & Prantl K (eds) Die natürliche Pflanzenfamilien16C. Berlin, Germany: Wiklhelm Engelmann.
Perveen A & Qaiser M (2003). Pollen Flora of Pakistan-XVII. Illecebraceae. Pak J Bot 35 (2): 141-144.
Perveen A & Qaiser M (2006). Pollen Flora of Pakistan-LI- Caryophyllaceae. Pak J Bot 38(4): 901-915.
Pınar NM & Oybak E (1997). Pollen morphology of Turkish Bolanthus (Ser.) Reichb. (Caryophyllaceae). Hacettepe Bulletin of Natural Science and Engineering (A)26: 1-9.
Pınar NM, Duran A, Çeter T & Tuğ GN (2009). Pollen and seed morphology of the genus Hesperis L. (Brassicaceae) in Turkey. Turk J Bot 33: 83-96.
Prentice HC, Mastenbroek O, Berendsen W & Hogeweg P (1984). Geographic variation in the pollen of Silene latifolia (S. alba, S. pratensis): a quantitative morphological analysis of population data. Can J Bot 62 (6): 1259-1267.
Prentice HC (1986). Climate and clinal variation in seed morphology of the white campion, Silene latifolia (Caryophyllaceae). Biol J Linn Soc 27: 179-189.
Prentice HC (1987). Analysis of the clinal variation pattern in Silene latifolia pollen morphology. Plant Syst Evol 156: 5-11.
Punt W & Hoen PP (1995). The Northwest European Pollen Flora, Caryophyllaceae, Rev Palaeobot Palynol 7: 83-272.
Rendle AB (1975). The Classification of Flowering Plants II- Dicotyledons. London: Syndics of the Cambridge University Press.
Romanova LS (1982). Palynomorphic structure of Caryophyllaceae. Botanichii Zhurnal 77: 81–84.
Sahreen S, Khan MA, Meo AA & Jabeen A (2008). Studies on the pollen morphology of the genus Dianthus (Caryophyllaceea) from Pakistan. Biodicon 1 (1): 89-98.
Skvarla JJ & Novicke JW (1976). Ultrastructure of pollen exine in Centrospermae families. Plant Syst Evol 126: 55-78.
Takhtajan A (1980). Outline of the classification of flowering plants (Magnoliophyta). Bot Rev 46: 225-359.
Taia WK (1994). On the pollen morphology of some Egyptian Caryophyllaceae. J King Saud Univ 6: 149-165.
Tugay O & Ertuğrul K (2008). A new species of Silene (Caryophyllaceae) from East Anatolia, Turkey. Bot J Linn Soc 156: 463-466.
Van Campo M (1966). Variations polliniques intraflorales. Adansonia 6: 55–64.
Vishnu-Mittre S & Gupta HP (1964). Studies of Indian pollen grains. Pollen Spores 6: 99-111.
Volponi CR (1986). Stellaria cuspidata (Caryophyllaceae) and some related species in the Andes. Willdenovia 23: 193-209.
Vural M & Dönmez A (2002). Two new taxa of Silene (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey. Ann Bot Fenn 39: 153-158.
Vural M, Duman H, Aytaç Z & Adıgüzel N (2006). Saponaria karapinarensis, Senecio salsuginea and Centaurea tuzgoluensis, three new species from Central Anatolia, Turkey. Belg J Bot 139 (2): 252-260.
Vural C (2008). A new species of Dianthus (Caryophyllaceae) from Mount Erciyes, Central Anatolia, Turkey. Bot J Linn Soc 158: 55- 61.
Walker JW (1974a). Evolution of exine structure in the pollen of primitive Angiosperms. Am J Bot 61: 891-902.
Walker JW (1974b). Aperture evolution in the pollen of primitive Angiosperms. Am J Bot 61: 1112-1137.
Wodehouse RP (1959). Pollen grains. Their structure, identification and significance in science and medicine. New York: Hafner.
Yıldız K (1996). Pollen morphology of some Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae) taxa distributed in Northwest Anatolia. Turk J Bot 20: 231-241.
Yıldız K & Çırpıcı A (1998). Seed morphological studies of Silene L. from Turkey. Pak J Bot 30 (2): 173-188.
Yıldız K (2001). Pollen morphology of Caryophyllaceae species from Turkey. Pak J Bot 33 (4): 329-355.
Yıldız K (2002). Seed morphology of Caryophyllaceae species from Turkey (North Anatolia). Pak J Bot 34 (2): 161-171.
Yıldız K (2005). A palynological investigation on Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae) species distributed in North Cyprus and West Anatolia. CBÜ Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 1 (2): 61-71.
Yıldız K (2006). Morphological and palynological investigation on Silene gigantea L. var. gigantea and Silene behen L. (Caryophyllaceae) distributed in Western Anatolia and Northern Cyprus. Turk J Bot 30: 105-119.
Yıldız K & Minareci E (2008). Morphological, anatomical, palynological and cytological investigation on Silene urvillei Schott. (Caryophyllaceae). J Appl Biol 2 (2): 41-46.
Yıldız K, Gücel S & Dadandı MY (2009). A palynological investigation of endemic taxa from Northern Cyprus. Pak J Bot 41(3): 991- 1007.