Hakan Mete DOĞAN, Musa DOĞAN, Galip AKAYDIN, Ferhat CELEP

Mapping and analysing the diversity of the genus Acantholimon taxa in Turkey by geographic information systems (GIS)

We describe the spatial distribution of the genus Acantholimon Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae) taxa in Turkey, and assess the role that environmental variables may be playing on this distribution. We collected a large number of specimens from 418 geo-referenced sampling sites between 2000 and 2004, and established a point database using geographic information systems (GIS) software. As a result, we identified and mapped 67 taxa; 43 of the determined taxa appear to be endemic. We re-evaluated the current conservation status of the taxa at a national level using recent IUCN Red List categories. In addition, we extracted the corresponding environmental variables of each determined point from the updated and available environmental raster map layers of Turkey and analysed the obtained taxa and environmental data by Hierarchical Clustering and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Hierarchical Clustering delineated the subgroups, which have similarities at various levels in respect to environmental variables. The CCA results indicated that 8 environmental variables including longitude, distance to sea, maximum temperature, mean temperature, minimum temperature, potential evapotranspiration, elevation, and precipitation are the most effective in explaining the spatial distribution of the 18 Acantholimon taxa in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Acantholimon, Anatolia, biodiversity, ecology, GIS, mapping, spatial analysis, IUCN

Mapping and analysing the diversity of the genus Acantholimon taxa in Turkey by geographic information systems (GIS)

Keywords:

Key words: Acantholimon, Anatolia, biodiversity, ecology, GIS, mapping, spatial analysis, IUCN,

PDF

___

Akaydın G & Doğan M (2002). A new species of Acantholimon Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae) from Western Taurus Mountains of Turkey. Isr J Plant Sci 50: 67-71.
Barinova S & Tavassi M (2009). Study of seasonal infl uences on algal biodiversity in the River Yarqon (central Israel) by bio- indication and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Turk J Bot 33: 353-372.
Boissier E (1846). Diagnoses Plantarum Orientalum Novarum. Leipzig: Series 1-7: 69 (Jul.- Oct.).
Boissier E (1879). Flora Orientalis. Vol. 4, pp. 823-854. Genéve: Basel.
Bokhari MH (1970). Materials for a Flora of Turkey 22. Plumbaginaceae. Notes Roy Bot Gard Edinburgh 30: 295-304.
Bokhari MH & Edmondson JR (1982). Acantholimon Boiss. In: Davis PH (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 7, pp. 478-502. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Brummitt RK & Powell CE (eds.) (1992). Authors of Plant Names. Kew, London: Royal Botanic Gardens.
Bunge A (1872). Die Gattung Acantholimon Boiss., VII. Serie, Tome: 18, No: 2, pp. 1-79. St. -Petersbourg: Memories de L’Academie Imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg.
Davis PH (ed.) (1965-1985). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vols. 1-9. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Davis PH, Mill RR, Tan K (eds.) (1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (sppl. 1), Vol. 10, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Davis PH & Heywood VH (1965). Principles of Angiosperm Taxonomy. New York: Von Nostrand.
Davis PH & Heywood VH (1973). Principles of Angiosperm Taxonomy. Huntington, NY: Robert E. Kieger Publishing Co.
Dinç U, Şenol S, Kapur S, Cangir C & Atalay I (2001). Turkey Soils (Türkiye Toprakları), Pub. No: 51/A-12. Adana/Turkey: Çukurova University.
Doğan M & Akaydın G (2001). A new species, Acantholimon birandii (Plumbaginaceae), from the Central Anatolian Steppe in Turkey. Nord J Bot 21(5): 481-484.
Doğan M & Akaydın G (2002a). A new species of Acantholimon Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae) from Central Anatolia, Turkey. Bot J Linn Soc 138: 365-368.
Doğan M & Akaydın G (2002b). A new species of Acantholimon Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae) from Ankara, Turkey. Bot J Linn Soc 140: 443-448.
Doğan M, Duman H & Akaydın G (2003). Taxonomy and conservation status of Acantholimon laxifl orum Boiss. ex Bunge (Plumbaginaceae). Turk J Bot 27: 447-452.
Doğan M & Akaydın G (2003a). Two new species of Acantholimon sect. Staticopsis. (Plumbaginaceae) from Turkey. Ann Bot Fenn 40: 53-58.
Doğan M. & Akaydın G (2003b). An undescribed species of Acantholimon Boiss. Sect. Staticopsis Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae) from Turkey. Isr J Plant Sci 51: 231-236.
Doğan M & Akaydın G (2004). Th ree new species with two fl owered spikelets in Acantholimon (Plumbaginaceae) from East Anatolia, Turkey. Bot J Linn Soc 144: 497-505.
Doğan M & Akaydın G (2005). A new species of Acantholimon Boiss. sect. Glumaria Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae) from Elazığ, Turkey. Bot J Linn Soc 149: 351-356.
Doğan M & Akaydın G (2007). Synopsis of Turkish Acantholimon Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae). Bot J Linn Soc 154: 397-419.
ESRI (2004). ArcGIS 9: Geoprocessing in ArcGIS. Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute.
ESRI (2005). ArcGIS 9: What is in ArcGIS 9. Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute.
Gardenfors U, Hilton-Taylor C, Mace GM & Rodriguez JP (2001). Th e application of IUCN Red List Criteria at regional levels. Conserv Biol 15(5): 1206-1212.
IUCN (2001). Red List Categories, Version 3.1. Gland, Switzerland/ Cambridge, UK: IUCN Species Survival Commission.
Komarov VL (ed.) (1967). Flora U.R.S.S. Vol. 18 (English translation). Jerusalem: Israel Program for Scientifi c Translations.
Lepš J & Šmilauer P (2003). Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data Using CANOCO. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Temina M, Andreev MP, Barinova S & Nevo E (2009). Th e diversity and ecology of epiphytic lichens in “Evolution Canyon” II, Lower Nahal Keziv, Upper Western Galilee, Israel. Turk J Bot 33: 263-275.
Moore DM (1972). Acantholimon Boiss. In: Tutin TG, Heywood V, Burges NA, Moore DM, Valentine DH, Walters SM & Webb DA (eds.), Flora Europaea, Vol. 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Muvaff ak A, Dogan M & Bilgin CC (2001). Numerical taxonomic study of the genus Acantholimon Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae) in Ankara province. Isr J Plant Sci 49: 297-300.
Post GE (1933). Flora of Syria, Palestine and Sinai. Beirut: American Press.
Rechinger KH & Schiman-Czeika H (1974). Flora Iranica: Plumbaginaceae. Graz: Akademische Druck-u. Verlagsanstalt.
Ter Braak CJF (1986). Canonical correspondence analysis: a new eigenvector technique for multivariate direct gradient analysis. Ecology 67(5): 1167-1179.