Derya ALTAY, Halil Erhan EROĞLU, Ümit BUDAK, Esra MARTİN

Karyotypic phylogeny and polyploidy variations of Paronychia (Caryophyllaceae) taxa in Turkey

Chromosomal data can provide very valuable information about karyotypic phylogeny and speciation. This is the first studyon karyotype phylogeny and polyploidy variations of the genus Paronychia. In this context, the results are these: (1) in 14 taxa, thefirst report on chromosomes numbers; (2) in 2 taxa, equal chromosome numbers as in the previous report; (3) in all taxa, the firstreport of detailed karyotype analyses; (4) karyotype asymmetry data and generally symmetrical karyotypes; (5) karyotypic variationsby mechanisms of dysploidy and polyploidy; and (6) phylogenetic relationships in Paronychia. The data indicate that Anatolia is animportant area for the distribution of Paronychia. In light of all data, karyotype evolution is briefly summarized. The ancestral karyotypewas x = 9 (millions of years ago). The karyotypes (x = 8 and x = 7) were then shaped by dysploidy. The rate of polyploidization thensignificantly increased in the genus. However, data should be supported by molecular analysis. In addition, the chromosome numbersof 8 species of Turkish Paronychia is still unknown. The determination of the karyological data of all species is very important tounderstand karyotype evolution and chromosomal phylogeny in Paronychia.

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