Achene morphology of the genus Cota J.Gay (Asteraceae) from Turkey and its taxonomic significance
Twenty-two taxa of the genus Cota J.Gay (Asteraceae) from Turkey
were examined with a stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope
(SEM) in order to describe their achene macro- and micromorphologies and
to evaluate the diagnostic value of these features. The achenes are
obpyramidal, obconical, and oblong. Achene width ranges from 0.26 to
1.68 mm and achene length from 1.13 to 3.46 mm. They show variation in
color: brown, dark brown, grayish-brown, reddish-brown, purplish-brown,
black, and purplish. All investigated species have slime cells, but
prismatic cells on epicarpic cells are found only in two species. Four
types of ornamentations were recognized via SEM on achene surface
characteristics: reticulate-striate-ruminate, reticulate-striate,
reticulate-ruminate, and reticulate-rugose. Achene size, surface
ornamentation, and color are of significant importance in taxonomy of
the genus for distinguishing taxa from each other.
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