The Growth of Spirulina platensis in Different Culture Systems Under Greenhouse Condition

We aimed in this experiment to compare the growth characteristics of Spirulina, which was cultivated in different culture vessels under greenhouse condition. Three types of culture vessels, i.e. transparent jars, polyethylene bags and raceway ponds, were used in the experiment. The jar cultures supported higher cell densities due to their higher culture temperature compared to the others. The dry weight amount in jar cultures was 0.99 g L-1 at the end of the experiment, while it was 0.5 g L-1 in the others. Specific growth rates were found to be 0.32, 0.21 and 0.20 day-1 in the jar, bag and pond cultures, respectively. The protein levels measured at the end of the experiment were 33.4, 54.5 and 58.3% for the jar, bag and pond cultures, respectively. The reason for the much lower protein amount in jar cultures was interpreted as the depletion of the nitrogen in the culture medium as a result of faster growth and the prolonged steady state. We concluded that the use of small volume cultures would increase the temperature faster, which is the main factor hindering growth especially in the winter period. Moreover, the use of short light-path lengths in addition to the smaller volumes in the cultures would support a higher productivity.

The Growth of Spirulina platensis in Different Culture Systems Under Greenhouse Condition

We aimed in this experiment to compare the growth characteristics of Spirulina, which was cultivated in different culture vessels under greenhouse condition. Three types of culture vessels, i.e. transparent jars, polyethylene bags and raceway ponds, were used in the experiment. The jar cultures supported higher cell densities due to their higher culture temperature compared to the others. The dry weight amount in jar cultures was 0.99 g L-1 at the end of the experiment, while it was 0.5 g L-1 in the others. Specific growth rates were found to be 0.32, 0.21 and 0.20 day-1 in the jar, bag and pond cultures, respectively. The protein levels measured at the end of the experiment were 33.4, 54.5 and 58.3% for the jar, bag and pond cultures, respectively. The reason for the much lower protein amount in jar cultures was interpreted as the depletion of the nitrogen in the culture medium as a result of faster growth and the prolonged steady state. We concluded that the use of small volume cultures would increase the temperature faster, which is the main factor hindering growth especially in the winter period. Moreover, the use of short light-path lengths in addition to the smaller volumes in the cultures would support a higher productivity.

___

  • Wikdors GH, Ohno M. Impact of algal research in aquaculture. J. Phycol. 37: 968-974, 2001.
  • Zarrouk C. Contribution a l’étude du cyanophycée. Influence de divers facteurs physiques et chimiques sur la croissance et la photosynthèse de Spirulina maxima (Setch et Gardner) Geitl., PhD, Paris, 1966.
  • Lee YK. Commercial production of microalgae in the Asia-Pacific rim. J. Appl. Phycol. 9: 403-411, 1997.
  • Torzillo G, Pushparaj B, Bocci F et al. Production of Spirulina biomass in closed photobioreactors. Biomass 11: 61-74, 1986.
  • Hu Q, Guterman H, Richmond A. A flat inclined modular photobioreactor (FIMP) for outdoor mass cultivation of photoautotrophs. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 51: 51-60, 1996.
  • Tredici M, Chini Zitelli G, Biagiolini S et al. Novel photobioreactors for the mass cultivation of Spirulina spp. Bull. Inst. Oceanogr. Monaco 12: 89–96, 1993.
  • Vonshak A. Microalgal biotechnology: Is it an economical success? In: Da Silva EJ, Ratledge C, Sasson A. eds. Biotechnology: Economic and Social Aspects. Cambridge University; 1992: pp. 70-80.
  • Bennett A, Bogorad L. Complementary chromatic adaptation in a filamentous blue-green alga. J Cell Biol 58: 419-435, 1973.
  • Jimenez C, Cossio BR, Labella D et al. The feasibility of industrial production of Spirulina (Arthrospira) in Southern Spain. Aquaculture 217: 179-190, 2003.
  • Fernandez-Reiriz MJ, Perez-Camacho A, Ferreiro MJ et al. Biomass production and variation in the biochemical profile (total protein, carbohydrates, RNA, lipid and fatty acids) of seven marine microalgae. Aquaculture 83: 17-37, 1989.
  • Sarada R, Pillai MG, Ravishankar GA. Phycocyanin from Spirulina sp: influence of processing of biomass on phycocyanin yield, analysis of efficacy of extraction methods and stability studies on phycocyanin. Process Biochemistry 34: 795-801, 1998.
  • Richmond A, Vonshak A, Arad SM. Environmental limitations in outdoor production of algal biomass. In: Shelef G, Soeder CJ. eds. Algae Biomass, Amsterdam, Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press; 1980: pp. 65-72.