Halil Erhan EROĞLU, Ergin HAMZAOĞLU, Ahmet AKSOY, Ümit BUDAK, Sevil ALBAYRAK

Cytogenetic effects of Helichrysum arenarium in human lymphocytes cultures

Helichrysum Mill., belonging to the family Asteraceae, is commonly known as "everlasting". Helichrysum species have been used as herbal tea for centuries in Turkey against gallbladder disorders because of their bile regulatory and diuretic properties. However, there are few reports in the literature regarding the genotoxic effects of these plants. In the present study, the genotoxic effects induced by aqueous (decoction) and methanol extracts of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench subsp. rubicundum (K.Koch) P.H.Davis & Kupicha, H. arenarium (L.) Moench subsp. aucheri (Boiss.) P.H.Davis & Kupicha, and H. arenarium (L.) Moench subsp. erzincanicum P.H.Davis & Kupicha on human lymphocyte cultures at 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL concentrations were evaluated. Three different parameters (micronucleus, mitotic, and replication indexes) were used. H. arenarium subsp. erzincanicum induced the formation of micronuclei and decreased the mitotic and replication indexes as well. H. arenarium subsp. rubicundum and H. arenarium subsp. aucheri did not affect these parameters. Our results clearly indicate that H. arenarium subsp. erzincanicum has genotoxic effects. Therefore, this plant should not be used freely in alternative medicine although its antiproliferative activity may suggest antimitotic and anticarcinogenic properties. H. arenarium subsp. rubicundum and H. arenarium subsp. aucheri, on the other hand, do not have genotoxic effects. Thus, they can be used freely in alternative medicine. Further studies are needed to determine the effects of the main bioactive components isolated from H. arenarium on the micronucleus, mitotic index, and replication index.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Key words: Alternative medicine, genotoxic, Helichrysum arenarium, medicinal plant, micronucleus test

Cytogenetic effects of Helichrysum arenarium in human lymphocytes cultures

Keywords:

Key words: Alternative medicine, genotoxic, Helichrysum arenarium, medicinal plant, micronucleus test,

PDF

___

1. Baytop T. Türkçe Bitki Adları Sözlüğü. Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları. Ankara; 1997.
2. Tabata M, Honda G, Sezik E et al. A report on traditional medicine and medicinal plants in Turkey (1990, 1991). Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University. Kyoto; 1993.
3. Davis PH, Kupicha FK. Helichrysum Gaertn. In: Davis PH. ed. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands vol 5. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh; 1975: pp. 80-97.
4. Czinner E, Hagymási K, Blázovics A et al. In vitro antioxidant properties of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench. J Ethnopharmacol 73: 437-443, 2000.
5. Kroeber L. Cat's Foot, Gnaphalium dioecum L., Antennaria dioeca, Gnaphalium arenarium, Helichrysum arenarium DC as cholagogues and choleretics. Pharmazie 6: 615-617, 1951.
6. Skakun NP, Stepanov NY. Comparative evaluation of the hepatoprotective, antioxidant and choleretic activity of flavonoid drugs. Vrach Delo 12: 52-54, 1988.
7. Aslan M, Özçelik B, Orhan I et al. Screening of antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral properties of the selected Turkish Helichrysum species. Planta Med 72: 997-997, 2006.
8. Lemberkovics E, Czinner E, Szentmihályi K et al. Comparative evaluation of Helichrysi flos herbal extracts as dietary sources of plant polyphenols and macro and microelements. Food Chem 78: 119-127, 2002.
9. Jelinek J, Jiricka Z, Janku I et al. Effect of flavone fractions of Helichrysum arenarium on liver lesions. Cesk Fysiol 9: 289-290, 1960.
10. Czinner E, Lemberkovics E, Bihatsi-Karsai E et al. Composition of the essential oil from the inflorescence of Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench. J Essent Oil Res 12: 728-730, 2000.
11. El'shami IM, Horin AH, Salo DP et al. Use of Helichrysum arenarium polysaccharides for stabilizing emulsions and suspensions. Farm Zh 2: 73-74, 1980.
12. Langhammer L. Naringenin glycosides of Helichrysum arenarium: A thermomicroscopic study. Arch Pharm Ber Dtsch Pharm Ges 303: 549-551, 1970.
13. Dercah AI, Komissarenko NF, Chernobai VT. Coumarins from inflorescences of Claendula officinalis and Helichrysum arenarium. Khim Prir Soedin 6: 777-777, 1986.
14. Fenech M, Morley AA. Measurement of micronuclei in lymphocytes. Mutat Res 147: 29-36, 1985.
15. Norppa H, Luomahaara S, Heikanen H et al. Micronucleus assay in lymphocytes as a tool to biomonitor human exposure to aneuploidogens and clastogens. Environ Health Perspect 101: 139-143, 1993.
16. Fenech M. The in vitro micronucleus technique. Mutat Res 455, 81-95 2000.
17. Holland N, Duramad P, Rothman N et al. Micronucleus frequency and proliferation in human lymphocytes after exposure to herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in vitro and in vivo. Mutat Res 521: 165-178, 2002.
18. Walker PMB. The Mitotic Index and Interphase Processes. Biophysics Research Unit. King's College. London; 1952.
19. Eroğlu HE, Aksoy A, Hamzaoğlu E et al. Cytogenetic effects of nine Helichrysum taxa in human lymphocytes culture. Cytotechnology 59: 65-72, 2009.
20. Yavuz A, Topaktaş M, İstifli ES. In vitro genotoxic effects of benzoyl peroxide in human peripheral lymphocytes. Turk J Biol, 34: 15-24, 2010.
21. Rencüzoğulları E, Topaktaş M. Sister Chromatid Exchange in Cultured Human Lymphocytes Treated With Carbosulfan, Ethly Carbamate and Ethly Methanesulfonat Separately and in Mixtures. Turk J Biol, 22: 369-387, 1998.
22. Scarpato R, Migliore L. Comparison of spontaneous structural chromosome aberration frequency in 48 h-cultured human lymphocytes mitotically arrested by different colcemid treatments. Mutat Res 361: 35-39, 1996.
23. Reid KA, Maes J, Maes A et al. Evaluation of the mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of South African plants. J Ethnopharmacol 106: 44-50, 2006.
24. Bakkali F, Averbeck S, Averbeck D et al. Cytotoxicity and gene induction by some essential oils in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mutat Res 585: 1-13, 2005.
25. Nostro A, Cannatelli MA, Marino A et al. Evaluation of antiherpesvirus-1 and genotoxic activities of Helichrysum italicum extract. New Microbiol 26: 125-128, 2003.
26. Rosa A, Deiana M, Atzeri A et al. Evaluation of the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of arzanol, a prenylated α-pyronephloroglucinol etherodimer from Helichrysum italicum subsp. microphyllum. Chem-Biol Interact 165: 117-126, 2007.
27. Elgorashi E, van Staden J. Mutagenic constituents of Helichrysum simillimum DC. The SA Pharmacology & Toxicology Congress. Marikana, South Africa; 2007.
28. Müller WU. Micronuclei: A biological indicator of radiation damage. Mutat Res 366: 163-169, 1996.