Barley germplasms developed for scald disease resistance exhibited a high level of genetic diversity based on SRAP markers
The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 59 Turkish barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) germplasm lines (maintained for scald disease resistance breeding) using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. Seventeen SRAP primer combinations produced 83 polymorphic markers, with a mean polymorphism of 73.5%. The dendrogram created based on Nei's unweighted-pair group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA) indicated that there were 4 main clusters, which was supported by principle component analysis (PCA). Cluster I primarily included only scald-resistant germplasm lines, while clusters III and IV consisted of only scald-sensitive lines, but cluster II had both scald-resistant and scald-sensitive barley germplasm lines. The coefficients of genetic similarity among the genotypes ranged from 0.58 to 0.96, with a cophenetic correlation (r = 0.71) suggesting that the cluster analysis moderately represented the similarity matrix. The results indicate that a large amount of the genetic diversity present could be of great use in the development of future scald-resistant barley lines.
Barley germplasms developed for scald disease resistance exhibited a high level of genetic diversity based on SRAP markers
The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 59 Turkish barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) germplasm lines (maintained for scald disease resistance breeding) using sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. Seventeen SRAP primer combinations produced 83 polymorphic markers, with a mean polymorphism of 73.5%. The dendrogram created based on Nei's unweighted-pair group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA) indicated that there were 4 main clusters, which was supported by principle component analysis (PCA). Cluster I primarily included only scald-resistant germplasm lines, while clusters III and IV consisted of only scald-sensitive lines, but cluster II had both scald-resistant and scald-sensitive barley germplasm lines. The coefficients of genetic similarity among the genotypes ranged from 0.58 to 0.96, with a cophenetic correlation (r = 0.71) suggesting that the cluster analysis moderately represented the similarity matrix. The results indicate that a large amount of the genetic diversity present could be of great use in the development of future scald-resistant barley lines.
___
- Badr A, Mueller K, Schaefer-Pregl R et al. On the origin and domestication history of barley (Hordeum vulgare). Molecular Biology and Evolution 17: 499-510, 2000. 2. Lev-Yadun S, Gopher A, Abbo S. The cradle of agriculture. Science 288: 1602-1603, 2000. 3.
- Feuillet C, Langridge P, Waugh R. Cereal breeding takes a walk
- on the wild side. Trends in Genetics 24: 24-32, 2008. 4.
- Karahocagil P, Ege H. Barley. Agricultural Economics Research
- Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Republic
- of Turkey. http://www.aeri.org.tr/pdf/bks/6-8.pdf Accessed 02
- Budak H, Shearman RC, Gaussoin RE et al. Application of Sequence-related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) markers for characterization of turf grass species. HortScience 39: 955-958, 2004.
- Ferriol M, Pico B, de Cordova PF et al. Molecular diversity of a germplasm collection of squash (Cucurbita moschata) determined by SRAP and AFLP markers. Crop Science 44: 653- 664, 2004.
- Budak H, Shearman RC, Parmaksiz I et al. Molecular characterization of buffalograss germplasm using sequence related amplified polymorphism markers. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 108: 328-334, 2004.
- Budak H, Shearman RC, Gulsen O et al. Understanding ploidy complex and geographic origin of Buchloe dactyloides genome using cytoplasmic and nuclear marker systems. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 111: 1545-1552, 2005.
- Budak H, Shearman RC, Parmaksiz I et al. Comparative analysis of seeded and vegetative biotype buffalograsses based on phylogenetic relationship using using ISSRs, SSRs, RAPDs, SRAPs. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 109: 280-288, 2004.
- Dizkırıcı A. Genetic diversity of scald (Rhynchosporium secalis) disease resistant and sensitive Turkish barley seed sources as determined with simple sequence repeats. M.S. Thesis, pp. 91, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, 2006.
- Doyle JJ, Doyle JL. A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochemical Bulletin 19: 11-15, 1987.
- Yeh CF, Yang R, Boyle T. POPGENE version 1.32, Microsoft Windows based software for population genetic analysis: a quick user’s guide, 1999.
- Nei M. Molecular Population Genetics and Evolution. North Holland, Amsterdam., 1975.
- Rohlf FJ. NTSYS-pc, numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system, version 1.18, New York, Exeter, Setauket, 1993.
- Hauser LA, Crovello TJ. Numerical analysis of genetic relationships in Thelypodieae (Brassicaceae). Systematic Botany 7: 249-268, 1982.
- Nei M. Molecular evolutionary genetics. Columbia University Press, New York, 1987.
- Özkan H, Kafkas S, Özer MS et al. Genetic relationships among South-East Turkey wild barley populations and sampling strategies of Hordeum spontaneum. Theoretical Applied Genetics 112: 12-20, 2005.
- Li-Wang L, Li-Ping Z, Yi-Quin G et al. DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity analysis of late-bolting radish cultivars with RAPD, ISSR, and SRAP markers. Scientia Horticulturae 116: 240-247, 2008.
- Kimura M, Crow JM. The number of alleles that can be maintained in a finite population. Genetics 49: 725-738, 1964.
- Nei M. Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 70: 3321- 3323, 1973.
- Lewontin RC. The apportionment of human diversity. Evolutionary Biology 6: 381-398, 1972.