The within-tree variation in wood density and shrinkage, and their relationship in Populus euramericana
The patterns of wood density and shrinkage in different directions in 22-year-old Populus euramericana trees from one clone were studied in an experimental plantation in Iran. Sample disks were taken from each tree to examine wood density and shrinkage variation from pith to bark at 5%, 25%, 50%, and 75% of total tree height. The results indicate that radial position and height significantly affected all wood physical properties. Within-tree wood density and shrinkage varied at each height level, decreasing along the stem from the base upwards. Moreover, within the samples, at the same height level wood density and shrinkage in the radial direction increased from the pith outwards. Regression analysis showed that longitudinal, radial, tangential, and volumetric shrinkage each had a significantly positive correlation with wood density.
Anahtar Kelimeler:
Key words: Populus euramericana, wood density, wood shrinkage, variation, correlation
The within-tree variation in wood density and shrinkage, and their relationship in Populus euramericana
The patterns of wood density and shrinkage in different directions in 22-year-old Populus euramericana trees from one clone were studied in an experimental plantation in Iran. Sample disks were taken from each tree to examine wood density and shrinkage variation from pith to bark at 5%, 25%, 50%, and 75% of total tree height. The results indicate that radial position and height significantly affected all wood physical properties. Within-tree wood density and shrinkage varied at each height level, decreasing along the stem from the base upwards. Moreover, within the samples, at the same height level wood density and shrinkage in the radial direction increased from the pith outwards. Regression analysis showed that longitudinal, radial, tangential, and volumetric shrinkage each had a significantly positive correlation with wood density.
___
- Bonnemann, A (1980) Die Eigenschaften des Pappelholz. Draw- verlag, Stuttgart. 68.
- Boyce SG, Kaiser M (1961) Environmental and genetic variability in the length of fiber of eastern cottonwood. TAPPI J 44: 363-366.
- Dadswell HE (1958) Wood structure variations occurring during tree growth and their influence on properties. Wood Fiber Sci J 1: 1- 24.
- Farmer RE, Wilcox JR (1968) Preliminary testing of eastern cottonwood clones. Wood Sci J 38: 197-201.
- Hernandez RE, Koubaa A, Beaudoin M, Fortin Y (1998) Selected mechanical properties of fast growing poplar hybrids clones. Wood Fiber Sci J 30: 138-147.
- Johnson L (1942) Studies on the relation of growth rate to wood quality in Populus hybrids. Fores Resour J 20: 28-40.
- Jourez B, Ribox A, Leclercq E (2001) Comparison of basic density and longitudinal shrinkage in tension wood and opposite wood in young stem of Populus euramericana Ghoy when subjected to a gravitation stimulus. Fores Resour J 31: 1676-1683.
- Karki T (2001) Variation of wood density and shrinkage in European aspen (Populus tremula). Holz J 59: 79-84.
- Keith, CT (1986) Defining wood quality, what is important? In: Proceeding of wood quality considerations in tree improvement programs, a workshop held in Qubece city, pp. 21-36.
- Koubaa RW, Smith JHG (1959) The effect of some genetic and environmental factors on wood quality in poplar. Pulp & Paper J 59: 37-38.
- Mohrdiek O (1979) Holzdichte und Faserlange bei Populus-Leuce- Arten. Holzzucht J 33: 23-26.
- Mutibaric J, Cemerikic M (1971) Wood structure and physical- mechanical properties of autochtoneous poplars and willows. Wood Fiber Sci J 87: 3-48.
- Okkonen EA, Wahlgren HE, Maeglin RR (1972) Relationships of specific gravity to tree height in commercially important species. Fores Prod J 22: 37-41.
- Panshin AJ, Dezeeuw C (1980) Textbook of Wood Technology, 4th edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.
- Pliura A, Yu Q, Zhang SY, Mackay J, Pierre P, Bousquet J (2005) Variation in wood density and shrinkage and their relationship to growth young poplar hybrids crosses. Forest Sci J 51: 472- 482.
- Ponsey CE, Bridgewater FE, Buxton JA (1969) Natural variation in specific gravity, fiber length, and growth rate of eastern cottonwood in the southern Great Plains. TAPPI J 52: 1508- 1511.
- Spanos IA, Koukos PK, Spanos KA (2001) Comparative investigation on wood production of eleven poplar clones in an experimental planting in North Greece. Holz J 59: 73-78.
- Timel TE (1986) Physical properties of compression wood and compression wood in gymnosperms. Vol. 1. Spring-Verlag, Berlin.
- Tsoumis, G (1991) Science and Technology of Wood, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
- Yanchuk AD, Dancik BP, Micko MM (1984) Variation and heritability of wood density and fiber length of trembling aspen in Alberta, Canada. Silvae Genet J 33: 11-16.
- Zhang SY, Yu Q, Chauret G and Koubaa A (2003) Selection for both growth and wood properties in hybrid poplar clones. Fores Sci J 49: 901-908.
- Zobel BJ, Van Buijtenen JP (1989) Wood Variation, Its Causes and Control, Spring-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.
- ISSN: 1300-011X
- Yayın Aralığı: Yılda 6 Sayı
- Yayıncı: TÜBİTAK
Sayıdaki Diğer Makaleler
Organic materials: sources of nitrogen in the organic production of lettuce
Maja MANOJLOVIC, Ranko CABILOVSKI, Martina BAVEC
Ekrem Lütfi AKSAKAL, Taşkın ÖZTAŞ
The effects of ethanol-dissolved propolis on the storage of grapefruit cv. Star Ruby
Ahmet Erhan ÖZDEMİR, Elif Ertürk ÇANDIR, Mustafa KAPLANKIRAN, Emine Mine SOYLU
İlyas BOZLAĞAN, Abdurrahman AYVAZ, Fatma ÖZTÜRK, Leyla AÇIK
Yeşim Yalçin MENDİ, Nebahat SARI, Asiye AKYILDIZ, İlknur SOLMAZ, Ceren ÜNEK
Commercially suitable pectin methylesterase from Valencia orange peels