Erzurum yöresinde buğday ve arpa ekim alanlarında Drechslera sorokiniana'nın yayılışı,kültürel özellikleri ve patojenitesi

Bu çalışma, Erzurum yöresinde 1994-1995 yıllarında buğday ve arpa bitkilerinin kök tacı altı internodlarından ve kök boğazından izole edilen Drechslera sorokiniana'nın 4 besi ortamında ve 3 ışık periyodunda misel gelişimini, sporlanma durumlarını, patojenitesini ve hastalık oranlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Tarla şartlarında hastalık oranı 1994 yılında buğdayda % 46.8, arpada % 51.1; 1995 yılında buğdayda % 48.9, arpada % 54.3 olarak saptanmıştır. Çalışma süresince bitki örneklerinin kök tacı altı internodları ve kök boğazından yapılan izolasyonlar sonucu buğdaydan 208, arpadan ise 343 D. sorokiniana izolaltı elde edilmiştir. Fungus Malt Extract Ağar besi ortamında 12 saat ışık + 12 saat karanlık periyodta en fazla spor oluşturmuştur. D. sorokiniana'nm patojenite çalışmalarında kullanılan 5 buğday çeşidinden Hawk'da en yüksek hastalık şiddeti, Lancer'de ise en düşük hastalık şiddeti oluşturduğu saptanmıştır.

The distribution,cultural characteristics,and pathogenicity of Drechslera sorokiniana in wheat and barley fields in Erzurum region

In this study Drechslera sorokiniana incidence was determined on subcrown internod and crowns of wheat and barley samples collected from Erzurum region in 1994 and 1995. Mycelial development and sporulation were investigated in the la¬boratory in 3 light periods and 4 agar media. Furthermore, pathogenicity tests were carried out in greenhouse on five wheat cul-tivars in pots. Under the field conditions, the mean percentages of disease ratios were found 46.8 % in wheat, and 51.1 % in barley in 1994; 48.9 % in wheat and 54.3 % in barley in 1995. During study, subcrown internod and crown 208 isolates of D. sorokiniana iso¬lated from wheat and 343 from barley. The highest sporulation occurred at 12 hour light + 12 hour dark intensity in Malt Extract Agar. D. sorokiniana was the most pathogenic for cv. Hawk and the least pathogenic for in Lancer in greenhouse.

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