Effect of plant growth-promoting bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on lipid peroxidation and total phenolics of strawberry (Fragaria à ananassa `San Andreas?) under salt stressAysen KOÇ*Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
Abstract: In this study, the effects of plant development-promoting bacteria (Bacillus cereus RCP 3/1 + Rhizobium radiobacter RCR 11/2) (including the aminocyclopropane carboxylate deaminase enzyme) and different salt stress conditions (0, 30, and 60 mM/L NaCl) on the San Andreas variety of strawberry were studied on a number of harvest days. Some biochemical changes due to mycorrhizal fungus applications (including some Glomus species) were investigated as well. In the trial, as salt concentration increased, total phenolics and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde (MDA) content) increased compared to the control. The effects of salt concentration and experimental applications on total phenolic content reached their maximum on day 45, while their effects on MDA reached a maximum on day 30. In terms of applications, the mycorrhizal application decreased both total phenolics and MDA content. When the interaction of salt and applications was examined, the highest MDA content (3.568 μM g-1 FW) and total phenolics amount (0.343 mg g-1) were observed with the 60 mM/L NaCl concentration in the control application. The results indicate that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were capable of alleviating the change in biochemical contents caused by salinity stress on the strawberry plants. 1397124194Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, lipid peroxidation, rhizosphere microorganisms, salt stress, strawberry, total phenolics
Effect of plant growth-promoting bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on lipid peroxidation and total phenolics of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa ‘San Andreas’) under salt stress
Abstract: In this study, the effects of plant development-promoting bacteria (Bacillus cereus RCP 3/1 + Rhizobium radiobacter RCR 11/2) (including the aminocyclopropane carboxylate deaminase enzyme) and different salt stress conditions (0, 30, and 60 mM/L NaCl) on the San Andreas variety of strawberry were studied on a number of harvest days. Some biochemical changes due to mycorrhizal fungus applications (including some Glomus species) were investigated as well. In the trial, as salt concentration increased, total phenolics and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde (MDA) content) increased compared to the control. The effects of salt concentration and experimental applications on total phenolic content reached their maximum on day 45, while their effects on MDA reached a maximum on day 30. In terms of applications, the mycorrhizal application decreased both total phenolics and MDA content. When the interaction of salt and applications was examined, the highest MDA content (3.568 μM g-1 FW) and total phenolics amount (0.343 mg g-1) were observed with the 60 mM/L NaCl concentration in the control application. The results indicate that the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were capable of alleviating the change in biochemical contents caused by salinity stress on the strawberry plants. 1397124194Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, lipid peroxidation, rhizosphere microorganisms, salt stress, strawberry, total phenolics
___
- Allakhverdiev SI, Sakamoto A, Nishiyama Y, Inaba M, Murata N (2000). Ionic and osmotic effects of NaCl induced inactivation of photosystems I and II in Synechococcus sp. Plant Physiol 123: 1047–1056.
- Ashraf MA, Ashraf M, Ali Q (2010). Response of two genetically diverse wheat cultivars to salt stress at different growth stages: leaf lipid peroxidation and phenolic contents. Pak J Bot 42: 559–565.
- Brundrett M (1991). Mycorrhizas in natural ecosystems. Adv Ecol Res 21: 171–313.
- Çakmakçı R (2009). Stres koşullarında ACC deaminaze üretici bakteriler tarafından bitki gelişiminin teşvik edilmesi. Atatürk Üniv Ziraat Fak Dergisi 40: 109–125 (in Turkish).
- Çakmakçı R, Dönmez MF, Ertürk Y, Erat M, Haznedar A, Sekban R (2010). Diversity and metabolic potential of culturable bacteria from the rhizosphere of Turkish tea grown in acidic soils. Plant Soil 332: 299–318.
- Epstein E, Nortlyn JD, Rush DW, Kingsbury RW, Keller DB, Cunningham GA, Wrona AF (1980). Saline culture of crops: a genetic approach. Science 210: 399–404.
- Greenway H, Munns R (1980). Mechanisms of salt tolerance in nonhalophytes. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 31: 149–190.
- Harley JL, Smith SE (1983). Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Toronto, ON, Canada: Academic Press.
- Hichem H, Mounir D, Naceurc EA (2009). Differential responses of two maize (Zea mays L.) varieties to salt stress: changes on polyphenols composition of foliage and oxidative damages. Ind Crops Prod 30: 144–151.
- Hilal M, Zenoff AM, Ponessa G, Moreno H, Massa ED (1998). Saline stress alters the temporal patterns of xylem differentiation and alternative oxidative expression in developing soybean roots. Plant Physiol 117: 695–701.
- Kapoor R, Sharma D, Bhatnagar AK (2008). Arbuscular mycorrhizae in micropropagation systems and their potential applications. Sci Hortic (Amsterdam) 116: 227–239.
- Karlidag H, Yildirim E, Turan M (2009). Salicylic acid ameliorates the adverse effect of salt stress on strawberry. Sci Agr 66: 180– 187.
- Kiselev KV, Dubrovina AS, Veselova MV, Bulgakov VP, Fedoreyev SA, Zhuravlev YN (2007). The rol-B gene-induced over production of resveratrol in Vitis amurensis transformed cells. J Biotechnol 128: 681–692.
- Koca M, Bor M, Ozdemir F, Turkan I (2007). The effect of salt stress on lipid peroxidation, antioxidative enzymes and proline content of sesame cultivars. Environ Exp Bot 60: 344–351.
- Madhava Rao KV, Sresty TVS (2000). Antioxidative parameters in the seedlings of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L. Millspaugh) in response to Zn and Ni stress. Plant Sci 157: 113–128.
- Parida A, Das AB (2005). Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: a review. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 60: 324–349.
- Parida A, Das AB, Sanada Y, Mohanty P (2004). Effects of salinity on biochemical components of the mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum. Aquat Bot 80: 77–87.
- Singleton VL, Rossi JR (1965). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid. AJEV 16: 144–158.
- Turkmen O, Sensoy S, Demir S, Erdinc C (2008). Effects of two different AMF species on growth and nutrient content of pepper seedlings grown under moderate salt stress. Afr J Biotechnol 7: 392–396.
- Yaşar F, Ellialtıoğlu Ş, Özpay T, Üzal Ö (2007). Tuz stresi altındaki karpuzların (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf.) genotipik farklılıklarının belirlenmesi. In: Türkiye V. Ulusal Bahçe Bit Kongresi, 4–7 September 2007; Erzurum, Turkey, pp. 67–71 (in Turkish).
- Yildirim E, Karlidag H, Turan M (2009). Mitigation of salt stress in strawberry by foliar K, Ca and Mg nutrient supply. Plant Soil Environ 55: 213–221.
- Yıldız K, Üzal Ö, Yılmaz H (2008). Consequences of NaCl salinity on growth and ion accumulation in selected strawberry cultivars. European J Hort Sci 73: 69–72.
- Yılmaz H, Kına A (2008). The influence of NaCl salinity on some vegetative and chemical changes of strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa L.). Afr J Biotechnol 7: 3299–3305.