Kendilenmiş Mısır Hatlarının Kuraklık Stresine Tolerans Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kuraklık stresine toleranslı hibrit çeşitleri geliştirmek için kendilenmiş mısır hatlarını kuraklığa tolerans açısından taramaktır. Çalışmada at dişi ve sert tane tipine sahip 20 adet mısır hattı 2012 ve 2013 yıllarında normal (sulu) ve kuraklık stresi denemelerinde değerlendirilmiştir. Denemeler tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak ekilmiştir. Normal denemede mevcut nem tarla kapasitesinde tutulurken, kuraklık stresi denemesinde bitkiler V10-12 gelişme döneminden (takriben çiçeklenme tarihinden 2-3 hafta önce) itibaren strese maruz bırakılmıştır. Denemelerde kuraklık stresi çalışmalarında en çok öne çıkan seleksiyon kriterleri olan erkek ve dişi çiçek arasındaki gün farkı (EDF), bitki başına koçan sayısı (BBKS), koçanda tane sayısı (KTS), yaprak kuruma düzeyi ve tane verimi özellikleri incelenmiş ve stres indeksleri ile hatlar kuraklığa toleranslılık bakımından karakterize edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, Ant İ-69 (229.4 kg/da), TK 72 (220.5 kg/da), Ant-24702 (196.4 kg/da), Ant İ-39 (174.6 kg/da) ve Ant İ-09 (146.8 kg/da) hatları tane verimi bakımından kuraklık stresine en toleranslı hatlar olurken, Ant 910255 (27.6 kg/da), Ant İ-46 (28.2 kg/da), Ant İ-82 (29.0 kg/da) ve Ant İ-08 (45 kg/da) en hassas hatlar olarak tespit edilmişlerdir. Ant İ-69, TK 72, Ant-24702, Ant İ-39 ve Ant İ-09 hatları aynı zamanda EDF, BBKS, KTS ve yaprak kuruma düzeyi ve stres tolerans indeksleri bakımındanda en çok öne çıkan hatlar olmuşlardır. Araştırma sonucunda kullanılan mısır genetik materyalinin kuraklığa tolerans ıslahı için değerlendirilebileceği öngörülmüş ve seçilen mısır hatları gelecek dönem çalışmaları için önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Mısır, kendilenmiş hat, kuraklık stresi, verim

Determination of Drought Tolerance Levels of Maize Inbred Lines

The objective of the study was to test maize inbred lines for drought tolerance. In the study twenty dent and flint temperate maize inbred lines were evaluated in well-watered and drought stress conditions in 2012 and 2013. Experiments conducted according to Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Drought stress was achived at the flowering by withdrawn water approximately 2-3 weeks before flowering. Anthesis-silking interval (ASI), number of ears per plant (EPP), number of kernels per ear (KPE), senescence and yield traits which are used as the most important selection criterions were evaluated. Also stress indices were used for line identification to drought. The result of the study showed that, Ant I-69 (229.4 kg/da), TK 72 (220.5 kg/da), Ant-24702 (196.4 kg/da), Ant I-39 (174.6 kg/da) and Ant I-09 (146.8 kg/da) were determined as the most tolerant lines to drought, while Ant 910255 (27.6 kg/da), Ant I-46 (28.2 kg/da), Ant I-82 (29.0 kg/da) and Ant I-08 ( 45 kg/da) inbreds were identified as the sensitive lines in terms of yield. Tolerant promising lines Ant I- 69, TK 72, Ant-24702 , Ant I-39 and Ant I-09 were also had good performance in terms of secondary traits such as ASI, number of ears per plant, number of kernel per ear, senescence, yield reduction ratio, drought resistance index and stress tolerance index.In conclusion, it was envisaged that tested maize germplasm can be assessed for breeding drought tolerance and selected maize inbred lines were proposed for future studies.

Keywords:

Maize, inbred line, drought tolerance, yield,

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