Kutsal Gamsız, Aysun Kop, Ali Yıldırım Korkut

Türkiye Balık Yemi Sektöründe Kullanılan Ticari Balık ve Balık Yan Ürünleri Yağlarının, Yağ Asitleri Kompozisyonlarının Karşılaştırılması

Balık beslemede yağlar enerji kaynağı olmasının yanı sıra gerekli olan yağ asitlerinin balıklara iletilmesinde de görev alırlar. Özellikle, deniz balıklarının beslenmesinde yüksek zincirli doymamış yağ asitlerine ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışmamızda Türkiye balık yemi sektöründe kullanılan bazı tüm vücutlu balıklardan ve balık yan ürünlerinden elde edilen balık yağlarının yağ asidi kompozisyonları tespit edilmiş ve birbiri ile karşılaştırılmaları yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre tüm vücutlu balıklardan elde edilen yağlarda SFA (Doymuş yağ asitleri) oranlarının %15,57-33,38 arasında olduğu, balık yan ürünlerinden elde edilen yağlarda ise %16,3-31,89 arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır. Ayrıca tüm vücutlu balıklardan elde edilen yağlarda MUFA (Tekli doymamış yağ asitleri) oranlarının %24-38,69 arasında, balık yan ürünleri yağlarında ise %25,81-47,57 arasında değiştiği, tüm balıklardan elde edilen yağlarda PUFA (Çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri) oranlarının %31-36,73 arasında, balık yan ürünleri yağlarında ise %33,54-36,78 arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. Besleme açısından en önemli PUFA’lar dan olan DHA (docosahexaenoic asit) ve EPA (eicosapentaenoic asit) oranlarına baktığımızda, DHA oranlarının tüm balıklardan elde edilen yağlarda %14,08-19,10 arasında, balık yan ürünleri yağlarında ise %3,55-15,28 arasında değiştiği, EPA oranlarının ise tüm balıklardan elde edilen yağlarda %8-9,89 arasında, balık yan ürünleri yağlarında ise %2,63-15,28 arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir.

Comparison of Fatty Acid Compositions of Commercial Fish and Fish ByProducts Oils Used in Fish Feed Industry in Turkey

Fats have a function in transmitting the necessary fatty acids to fish as well as being an energy sourcein fish nutrition. In particular, high-chain unsaturated fatty acids are needed for feeding saltwaterfish. In this study, the fatty acid composition of fish oils obtained from some whole-body fish andfish by-products used in the fish-feed industry in Turkey was determined and compared with eachother. Accordingly, SFA (Saturated fatty acids) ratios were in the range of 15.57-33.38% in the oilsobtained from the whole-body fish and in the range of 16.3-31.89% in the oils from fish by-products;MUFA (Monounsaturated fatty acids) ratios were in the range of 24-38.69% in the oils obtainedfrom the whole-body fish and in the range of 25.81-47.57% in the oils from fish by-products; PUFA(Polyunsaturated fatty acids) ratios were in the range of 31-36.73% in the oils obtained from thewhole-body fish and in the range of 33.54-36.78% in the oils from fish by-products. Given DHA(docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) ratios which are among the most importantPUFAs for nutrition, it was determined that DHA ratios were in the range of 14.08-19.10% in theoils obtained from the whole-body fish and in the range of 3.55-15.28% in the oils from fish byproducts, whereas EPA ratios were in the range of 8-9.89% in the oils obtained from the whole-bodyfish and in the range of 2.63-15.28% in the oils from fish by-products.

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